CHAPTER XI. 



THE ANATOMY AND DISEASES OF THE NECK 

 AND CHEST. 



In order to understand the proper conformation of these parts, 

 differing so materially as they do in a kindly feeding and an unprof- 

 itable beast, and differing, too, so much in various breeds, each 

 excellent in its way, we must have recourse to two anatomical plates, 

 which include, as much as possible, the whole muscular system 

 of the ox. 



1. OrhicuJaris oris (the rinor-shaped muscle of the mouth). This 

 muscle is found within the border of the lips, and constituting their 

 principal substance and thickness, forming two semi-ovals, and united 

 together at the angle of the lips. It is large and mixed witli ten- 

 dinous fibres, because the lips are poweifully employed in the ox in 

 grasping and assisting in tearing off the food, 



2. The elevator of the iqjper lip, and angle of the nose. 



3. The Zygomaticus (arising near the yoke-formed arch under 

 •which the temporal muscle passes) lies along the middle of the side 

 of the face ; it also assists in the motion of the lips, and particularly 

 in retracting the angle of the lips. This is particularly developed in 

 the ox, for it has much to do in tb3 gathering of his food. 



