ACUTE AND EPIDEMIC FNEUIIONIA. 



The following medicines will also be found very useful, tartarus 

 emeticus, sangidnarius canadensis phosjyJiorus, cannabis, cinchona, 

 rhus toxicodendron, &c. 



ACUTE AND EPIDEMIC PNEUMONIA. 



An acute species of pneumonia in cattle is sometimes met with, 

 and it occasionally appears as an epidemic. The beast hangs his 

 head — there is dryness of the muzzle — the mouth and breath are 

 hot — the flanks more or less agitated — there is a hard, dry, and fre- 

 quent cough — the appetite is gone, but the thirst is excessive — the 

 excrement is solid and black, or liquid, black, and fetid — the coat 

 rough — the horns and ears hot, or alternately hot and cold — there 

 is languor and apparent weakness, and sometimes direct lameness, 

 and most frequently of one of the hind legs. 



To these rapidly succeed other symptoms — that tenderness along 

 the spine and the whole of the lumbar region which has been again 

 and again described as so characteristic of almost every inflammato- 

 ry disease of cattle ; the head is now stretched out — the eyes are 

 unnaturally bright, yet weeping — there is grinding of the teeth — 

 the mouth and breath become hotter — a mucous, or sometimes pur- 

 ulent discharge runs from the mouth and nostrils, at first clear, but 

 soon becoming brown, red, or bloody — the flanks heave more vio- 

 lently — the cough is more urgent — it has become convulsive — the 

 nostrils dilate and contract Avith spasmodic violence — the animal no 

 longer lies down, or if he does, rises again immediately — sweats 

 break out on diflferent parts of the body — the temperature of differ- 

 ent parts varies, and very curiously changes — the secretion of milk is 

 suspended, but the teats become hard and swelled — tumors appear 

 on various parts — a shivering, partial or total, succeeds, and the 

 tumors disappear, but they speedily rise again and are more per- 

 manent. Possibly some of the most urgent of the symptoms remit 

 when the tumors begin to appear, but towards night an exacerba- 

 tion succeeds, which does not subside until the morning. 



The prostration of strength increases — the belly is tucked up and 

 corded — the flanks heave with greater violence — the back and loins 

 become bowed — the limbs are drawn together towards the centre of 

 gravity — the stools are liquid and fetid, and accompanied by much 

 straining and tenesmus — the sensibihty of the loins is now subsided 

 — the sensibility generally is almost gone — the flies collect about the 

 beast, and he makes no effort to drive them away — every irritant 

 ceases to act upon the skin — the respiration is quickened, and more 

 and more laborious — it is accompanied by a gurgling noise in the 

 chest, distinctly heard even without the application of the ear to the 

 side — the nostrils become yet more dilated, and the mucus flowing 

 fiom them varies in color, but exhales a cadaverous, infectious odor 

 — the breath is now become cold, and is as ofiensive as the discharge 



