NOTES. XXV 



ind Hitter, Erdkunde, Th. vi., 1. S. 242. The cypress (m Arabic arar wood, 

 in Persian serw kohi) appears to be originally a native of the mountains of 

 Busih, west of Herat (vide Geographic d'Edrisi, traduit par Jaubert, 1836, 

 T. i. p. 464). 



(iso) p> 95._Achill. Tat. i. 25; Longus, Past. iy. p. 108, Schafer. 

 " Gesenius (Thes. Linguae Hebr. T. ii. p. 1124) suggests, very justly, the view 

 that the word Paradise belonged originally to the ancient Persian language, 

 but that its use has been lost in the modern Persian. Firdusi, although his 

 own name was taken from it, usually employs only the word behischt ; the 

 ancient Persian origin of the word is, however, expressly witnessed by Pollux, 

 in the Onomast. ix. 3, and by Xenophon, (Econ. 4, 13, and 21 ; Anab. i. 2, 

 7, and i. 4, 10; Cyrop. i. 4, 5. In the sense of 'pleasure-garden' or 

 'garden,' the word was probably transferred from the Persian into the 

 Hebrew (pardes, Cant. iv. 13 ; Nehem. ii. 8 ; and Eccl. ii. 5), into the Arabic 

 {firdaus, plur. faradisu, compare Alcoran, xxiii. 11, and Luc. 23, 43), into 

 the Syrian and Armenian (paries, vide Ciakciak, Dizionario Armeno, 1837, 

 p. 1194 ; and Schroder, Thes. Ling. Armen. 1711, prsef. p. 56). The deriva- 

 tion of the Persian word from the Sanscrit (pradesa or paradesa, circuit, or 

 district, or foreign land), noticed by Benfey (Griech.Wurzellexikon, Bd. i. 1839, 

 S. 138), and previously by Bohlen and Gesenius, suits perfectly well in form, 

 but only indifferently in sense." Buschmann. 



( 131 ) p. 96. Herod, vii. 31 (between Kallatebus and Sardes). 



( 132 ) p. 96.- Hitter, Erdkunde, Th. iv. 2. S. 237, 251, and 681; Lassen, 

 indische Alterthumskunde, Bd. i. S. 260. 



( 133 ) p. 96. Pausanius, i. 21, 9. Compare also Arboretum Sacrum, in 

 Meursii Opp. ex recensione Joann. Lami, Vol. x. Florent. 1753, p. 777844. 



( 134 ) p. 97. Notice historique sur leg Jardins des Chinois, in the Memoires 

 concernant les Chinois, T. viii. p. 309. 



( 135 ) p. 97. Idem, p. 318320. 



( 136 ) p. 97. Sir Georgfr.Staunton, Account of the Embassy of the Earl of 

 Macartney to China, Vol. ii. p. 245. 



( 137 ) p. 97. Fiirst v. Piickler-Muskau, Andeutungen iiber Landschafts- 

 gartnerei, 1834. See also hia Picturesque Descriptions of the Old and New- 

 English Parks, as well as that of the Egyptian Garden of Schubra. 



( 138 ) p. 98. Eloge de la Ville de Moukden, Poeme compose par 1'Empe- 

 reur Kien-long, traduit uar le P. Amiot, 1770, p. 18, 2225, 37, 6368, 

 7387, 104, and 120. 



i 139 ) p. 99. Mmoire fionccraaat les Chinois, T. ii. p. 643650. 



