XXX11 NOTES. 



Cleopatra, and mentions fragments of a ship from Gadeira found on the 

 Ethiopian (eastern) coast, declares the accounts given of earlier circumnaviga- 

 tions actually accomplished to be Bergaii fables (lit), ii. p. 100) ; but he by 

 no means denies the possibility of the circumnavigation itself (lib. i. p. 38), 

 and affirms that from the east to the west there is but little remaining wanting 

 to its completion (lib. i. p. 5). Strabo did not at all concur in the extraordi- 

 nary isthmus-hypothesis of Hipparchus and Marinus of Tyre, according to 

 which Eastern Africa joined on to the south-east end of Asia, making thv 

 Indian Ocean a Mediterranean Sea (Humboldt, Examen crit. de 1'Hist. de 

 la Geographic, T. i. p. 139142, 145, 161, and 229 ; T. ii. p. 370373). 

 Strabo quotes Herodotus, but does not name Nechos, whose expedition he 

 altogether confounds with one directed by Darius round Southern Persia and 

 Arabia (Herod, iv. 44). Gosselin has even proposed, with too great boldness, 

 to change the reading from Darius to Nechos. A counterpart for the horses' 

 head of the ship of Gadeira, which Eudoxus is said to have exhibited in a 

 market-place in Egypt, may be found in the remains of a ship of the Red Sea, 

 brought to the coast of Crete by westerly currents, according to the account 

 of a very trustworthy Arabian historian (Masudi, in the Morudj-al-dzeheb, 

 Quatremere, p. 389, and Reinaud, Relation des Voyages dans 1'Inde, 1845, 

 T. i. p. xvi. and T. ii. p. 46). 



( 1W ) p. 125. Diod. lib. i. cap. 67, 10; Herodotus, ii. 154, 178, and 182. 

 On the probability of intercourse between Egypt and Greece before the time 

 of Psammetichus, see the ingenious observations of Ludwig Ross, in Helle- 

 nika, Bd. i. 1846, S. v. and x. "In the times immediately preceding Psam- 

 metichus," says the last named writer, " there was in both countries a period 

 of internal disorder, which could not but entail a diminution and partial 

 interruption of intercourse. 



( m ) p. 126. Bockh, metrologische TJntersuchungen iiber Gewichte, 

 Munzfiisse und Masse des Alterthums in ihrem Zusammenhang, 1838, S. 12 

 und 273. 



( 166 ) p. 126. See the passages collected in Otfried Muller's Minyer, S. 

 115, and in his Dorier, Abth. i. S. 129; Franz, Elementa Epigraphices 

 Grseca3, 1840, p. 13, 32, and 34. 



( 167 ) p. 127. Lepsius, in his important memoir, iiber die Anordnung und 

 Verwandtschaft des semitischen, indischen, alt-persiscben, alt-aegyptischen 

 und sethiopischen Alphabets, 1836, S. 23, 28 und 57 ; Gesenius, Scripturae 

 Phoenicia? Mouumenta, 1837, p. 17. 



( 168 ) p. 128 Strabo, lib. xvi. p. 757. 



