Xl NOTES. 



no doubt have been found recorded in them, as in the more ancient Chinese 

 annals, of which Edouard Biot has made use. Creuzer (Symbolik und My- 

 thologie der alten Volker, Th. iii. 1842, S. 659) has attempted to show, that 

 the natural features of Etruria may have influenced the peculiar turn of mind 

 of its inhabitants. A "calling forth" of the lightning, which is ascribed to 

 Prometheus, reminds us of the pretended " drawing down" of lightning by the 

 Fulguratores. This operation consisted in a mere conjuration, and may well 

 have been of no more efficacy than the skinned ass's head, which, in the Etrus- 

 can rites, was considered a preservative from danger in thunder storms. 



( 187 ) p. 135. Otfr. Muller, Etrusker, Abth. ii. S. 162 to 178. In the 

 very complicated Etruscan augural theory, a distinction was made between 

 the " soft reminding lightnings sent by Jupiter from his own perfect power, 

 and the violent electrical explosions or chastening thunderbolts which he might 

 only send constitutionally after consultation with the other twelve gods." 

 (Seneca, Nat. Quaest. ii. p. 41.) 



( 188 ) p. 135. Job. Lydus de Ostentis, ed. Hase, p. 18 in preefat. 



( 189 ) p. 136. Strabo, lib. iii. p. 139, Casaub. Compare Wilhelm vou 

 Humboldt, iiber die Urbewohner Hispaniens, 1821, S. 123 and 131136. 

 M. de Saulcy has been recently engaged, with success, in deciphering the 

 Iberian alphabet ; the ingenious discoverer of cuneiform writing, Grotefeud, 

 the Phrygian ; .and Sir Charles Fellowes, the Lycian alphabet. (Compare 

 Ross, HeUenika, Bd. i. S. 16.) 



O 90 ) p. 137. Herod, iv. 42 (Schweighauser ad Herod. T. v. p. 204). 

 Compare Humboldt, Asie Centrale, T. i. p. 54 and 577. 



( 191 ) p. 138. On the most probable etymology of Kaspapyrus of Hecataus 

 (Fragm. ed. Klausen, No. 173, v. 94), and Kaspatyrus of Herodotus (iii. 102, 

 and iv. 44), see my Asie centrale, T. i. p. 101104. 



( 192 ) p. 138. Psemetek and Achmes. See above, Kosmos, Bd. ii. S. 159 

 (Engl. ed. Vol. ii. p. 125). 



( 193 ) p. 138. Droysen, Geschichte der Bildung des hellenistischen 

 Staatensystems, 1 843, S. 23. 



O p. 138.-See above, Kosmos, Bd. ii. S. 10 (Engl. ed. Vol. ii. p. 10). 



( 195 ) p. 139. Volker, Mythische Geographic der Griechen und Homer, 

 Th. i. 1832, S. 110 ; Klausen, iiber die Wanderungen der lo nnd des 

 Herakles, in Niebuhr und Brandis rheinischen Museen fiir Philologie, 

 Geschichte undgriech. Philosophic, Jahrg. iii. 1829, S. 293323. 



( 196 ) p. 139. In the mythus of Abaris (Herod, iv. 36), the man does not 

 travel th? -ugh the air on an arrow, but carries the arrow " which Pythagoraa 



