NOTES. 



so great, that that of Thorfinn Karlsefne, whose son Suorre Thorbrandsson 

 was born in America, has been brought down from 1007 to 1811. 



(& 1 ) p. 237. Hvitramannaland, the land of the white men. Compare 

 the original sources of information, in Rafn, Antiquit. Amer. p. 203 206, 211, 

 446451 ; and Wilhelmi iiber Island, Hvitramannaland, &c. S. 7581. 



(?*) p. 238. Letronne, Recherches geogr. et crit. sur le Livre de "Men- 

 sura Orbis Terra 1 ," composed en Irlande, par Dicuil, 1814, p. 129146 

 Compare my Examen crit. de 1'Hist. de la Ge'ogr. T. ii. p. 8791. 



(^ 3 ) p. 238. I have appended to the ninth book of my travels (Relation 

 historique, T. iii. 1825, p. 159) a collection of the stories which have been 

 told from the time of Raleigh, of natives of Virginia speaking pure Celtic ; of 

 the Gaelic salutation, hao, hui, iach, having been heard there ; of Owen Cha- 

 pelain, in 1669, saving himself from the hands of the Tuscaroras, w r ho were 

 about to scalp him, " by addressing them in his native Gaelic." These Tus- 

 caroras of North Carolina are now, however, distinctly recognised by linguistic 

 investigations, as an Iroquois tribe. See Albert Gallatin on Indian Tribes, 

 in the Archseologica Americana, Vol. ii. 1836, p. 23 and 57. A considerable 

 collection of Tuscarora words is given by Catlin, one of the most excellent 

 observers of manners who at any time sojourned amongst the aborigines of 

 America. He, however, is often inclined to regard the rather fair and often 

 blue-eyed nation of the Tuscaroras as a mixed race, descended from ancient 

 Welsh and irom the original inhabitants of the American continent. See his 

 Letters and Notes on the Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North 

 American Indians, 1841, Vol. i. p. 207 ; Vol. ii. p. 259 and 262265. 

 Another collection of Tuscarora words is to be found in my brother's manu- 

 script notes respecting language, in the Royal Library at Berlin. " Comme la 

 structure des idioms americains parait singulierement bizarre aux differens 

 peuples qui parlent les langues modernes de PEurope occidentale, et se laissent 

 facilement tromper par de furtuites analogies de quelques sons, les theologiens 

 ont cru generalement y voir de 1'hebreu, les colons espagnols du basque, les 



colons anglais ou fra^ais du gallois, de 1'irlandais ou da bas-breton 



J'ai rencontre un jour, sur les cotes du Perou, un officier de la marine espag- 

 nol et un baleinier anglais, dont 1'un pretendait avoir entendu parler basque 

 a Tahiti, et 1'autre gale-iiiandais aux iles Sandwich" (Humboldt, Voyage aux 

 Regions equinoxiales, Relat. hist. T. iii. 1825, p. 160). Although, however, 

 no connection of language has yet been proved, I by no means wish to deny 

 that the Basques and the nations of Celtic origin inhabiting Ireland and 

 Wales, who were eark engaged in fisheries on the most remote coasts, were 



