XC NOTES. 



T. iv. p. lix. 52, 218, and 267. The great epoch of geographical discoveries 

 gave occasiou to many such illustrious heraldic bearings as that mentioned in 

 the text ; (the terrestrial globe, with tht inscription " Primus circumdedisti 

 me," to Sebastian de Elcanoand his descendants). The arms which, as early 

 as May 1493, were given to Columbus, " para sublimarlo" with posterity, 

 contain the first map of America a range of islands in front of a gulf 

 (Oviedo, Hist, general de las Indias, ed. de 1547, lib. ii. cap. 7, fol. 10 a ; 

 Navarrete, T. ii. p. 37 ; Examen crit. T. iv. p. 236). The Emperor Charles 

 V. gave to Diego de Ordaz, who boasted of having ascended the volcano of 

 Orizaba, the drawing of that conical mountain ; and to the historian Oviedo, 

 who resided uninterruptedly for 34 years (from 1513 to 1547) in tropical 

 America, the four stars of the southern cross, as armorial bearings (Oviedo, 

 lib. ii. cap. 11, fol. 16 b). 



(^ 4 ) p. 271. See my Essai politique sur le Royaume de la Nouvelle 

 Espagne, T. ii. 1827, p. 259 ; and Prescott, History of the Conquest of 

 Mexico (New York, 1843), Vol. iii. p. 271 and 336. 



C 425 ) p. 273. Gaetano discovered one of the Sandwich Islands in 1542. 

 Respecting the voyage of Don Jorge de Meaezes (1526), and that of Alvaro 

 de Saavedra (1528), to the Ilhas de Papuas, see Barros da Asia, Dec. iv. Liv. 

 i. cap. 16, and Navarrete, T. v. p. 125. The " Hydrography" of Joh. Rotz 

 (1542), which is preserved in the British Museum, and has been examined 

 by the learned Dalrymple, contains outlines of New Holland ; as does also the 

 collection of maps of Jean Valard of Dieppe (1552), for the first knowledge 

 of which we are indebted to M. Coquebert Monbret. 



C 126 ) p. 273. After the death of Mendafia, the command of the expedition, 

 which did not terminate until 1596, was undertaken in the South Sea by his 

 wife, Dofla Isabela Baretos, a woman of distinguished personal courage, and 

 great mental endowments (Essai polit. sur la Nouv. Espagne, T. iv. p. 111.) 

 Quiros practised distillation of fresh from salt water on a considerable scale 

 in his ship, and his example was followed in several instances (Navarrete, 

 T. i. p. liii.) The entire operation, as I have elsewhere proved, on the testi- 

 mony of Alexander of Aphrodisias, was known as early as the third century 

 of our era, although not then practised in ships. 



( 4 - 7 ) p. 273. See the excellent work of Professor Meinicke at Prenzlau, 

 entitled, "Das FestlandAustralien, eine geogr. Monographic," 1837, Th. i. 

 S. 210. 



(^ p. 276. This king died in the time of the Mexican king Axyacatl, 

 who reigned from 1464 to 1477. The learned native Mexican historian, 



