Iviii 



INOTES. 



testing the power of light of a highly magnifying optical instrument, the 1st 

 and 4th satellites of Uranus, seen again by Lassel and Otto Struve in 184? ; 

 the two innermost and the 7th satellites of Saturn, (Mimas, Enceladus, and 

 Bond's Hyperion), and the satellite of Neptune, discovered by Lassel. The 

 power of penetrating the depths of celestial space, afforded by telescopes, led 

 Bacon, in an eloquent passage in praise of Galileo to whom he erroneously 

 ascribed their invention, to compare them to ships which conduct men into an 

 unknown ocean ; " ut propriora exercere possint cum ccelestibus commercia." 

 Works of Francis Bacon, 1740, Vol. i. Novum Organon, p. 361. 



( 212 ) p. 111. " The expression v7r6Kippog ) which Ptolemy uniformly em- 

 ploys in his catalogue for the six stars named by him, indicates a slight degree 

 of transition from fiery yellow to fiery red, thus, speaking precisely, it would 

 signify a fiery reddish colour. To the other fixed stars, he seems to apply 

 generally the epithet ZavSog, a fiery yellow. (Almag. viii. 3 ed. ; Halma, 

 T. ii. p. 94). Kippbs is, according to Galen, (Meth. med. 12) a pale fire red, 

 verging towards yellow. Gellius compares the word to melinus, which, according 

 to Servius, means the same as gilvus and fulvus. As Sirius is called by Seneca 

 (Nat. Qusest. i. 1) ' redder than Mars,' and as it is one of the stars called in 

 the Almagest vwoKippoi, there remains no doubt that the word indicates the 

 predominance, or at least the presence of a certain portion of red rays. The 

 assertion that the epithet TTOIK'L\OQ, applied to Sirius by Aratus, v. 327, is 

 ranslated by Cicero, rutilus, is erroneous. Cicero says, indeed, v. 348 



Namque pedes subter rutilo cum lumine claret 

 Fervidus ille Canis stellarum luce refulgens ; 



but rutilo cum lumine is not a translation of TrouaXoc, but an addition made 

 by a free translator." (Extracts from letters to myself from Professor 

 Franz.) Arago in the Annuaire for 1842, p. 351, says, " Si en substituant 

 rutilus au terme grec d'Aratus, 1'orateur romain renonce a dessein a la 

 fidelite, il faut supposer que lui-meme avait reconnu les proprietes rutilantes 

 de la lumiere de Sirius." 



(* 13 ) p. 111. Cleom.Cycl. Theor. i. 11. p. 59. 



( 214 ) p. 111. Madler, Astr. 1849, S. 391. 



( 215 ) p. 111. Sir John Herschel in the Edinb. Review, vol. Ixxxvii. 1848, 

 p. 189, and in Schum. Astr. Nachr. 1839, No. 372," It seems much more 

 likely that in Sirius a red colour should be the effect of a medium interfered, 

 than that in the short space of 2000 years, so vast a body should have actually 

 undergone such a material change in its physical constitution. It may be 



