TERRESTKlAL MAGNETISM. 143 



Sabine was the first to call attention to this accordance or 

 coincidence, in his paper presented to the Royal Society of 

 London in March 1852. Schwabe said, in a passage with 

 which he enriched the astronomical portion of my Cosmos, 

 f: There is no doubt that, at least from the year 1826 to 

 1850, the solar spots have shown a period of about ten years 

 with maxima in 1828, 1837, and 1848, and minima in 

 1833 and 1843." ( 181 ) Sabine also sagaciously adduces, in 

 confirmation of the powerful direct influence of the Sun upon 

 terrestrial magnetism, the remark that in both hemispheres 

 the period when the intensity of the Earth's magnetic force is 

 greatest, and the direction of the needle most near to the ver- 

 tical, is in the months from October to February, which is just 

 the period when the Earth is nearest to the Sun, and is moving 

 with the greatest velocity in its orbit. ( 182 ) 



The simultaneity of many magnetic storms, apparently 

 propagated instantaneously between places many thousand 

 miles apart, and even almost round the entire globe (as on 

 the 25th of September, 1841, between Canada, Bohemia, 

 Cape of Good Hope, Van Diemen Island, and Macao), has 

 been already treated of in Vol. i.( 183 ) : examples were also 

 cited of cases in which the perturbation appeared to have a 

 more local character, extending from Sicily to Upsala, but not 

 beyond Upsala to Altyn or Lapland. In the simultaneous 

 observations of declination arranged by Arago and myself in 

 1829, to be made with similar instruments of Gambey's at 

 Berlin, Paris, Freiberg, St. Petersburg, Kasan, and N icolaieff', 

 some considerable perturbations showed themselves at Berlin 

 which did not extend to Paris, or even to a mine at Freiberg 

 where Reich was making subterranean magnetic observations. 

 Great deflections and oscillations of the needle accompanying 



