344 REACTION OF THE INTERIOR OF THE EARTH 



height, according to Erman, 8910 feet; first ascended 

 in the expedition of La Perouse, in 1787, by Mongez and 

 Bernizet; and subsequently by my dear friend and 

 Siberian travelling companion, Ernst Hofmann (July 

 1824, in Kotzebue's Voyage of Circumnavigation); by 

 Postels and Lenz in Admiral Liitke's expedition in 1828 ; 

 and by Erman in September 1829. Erman made the 

 important geological observation that the trachyte at its 

 upheaval had broken through schist and graywacke 

 (a Silurian rock). This still smoking volcano had a 

 dreadful eruption in October 1837, having previously 

 had a much slighter one in April 1828. Postels in 

 Liitke's Voyage, t. iii. p. 67 84 : and Erman, Eeise, 

 hist. Bericht, Bd. iii. S. 494, and 534540. 



Quite near to the Awatscha Volcano (see note 345 of 

 the present volume) there is Koriatskaja or Strjeloschnaja 

 Sopka (lat. 53 19'), height 11,210 feet according to 

 Liitke, t. iii. p. 84 ; rich in obsidian, which the people 

 of the country continued, so late as the last century, to 

 use as the Mexicans, and, at a very early period of their 

 history, the Greeks had done, for arrow-points. 



Jupanowa Sopka: lat., according to Erman's deter- 

 mination (Eeise, Bd. iii. S. 469), 53 32'. The summit 

 is rather flattish ; and Erman's remark upon it is, " that 

 this Sopka, from the smoke which it emits, and the 

 subterranean noises which are heard, has always been 

 compared to the great volcano of Schiwelutsch, and 

 reckoned among undoubted burning mountains." Its 

 height was measured from the sea by Liitke, who made 

 it 9055 feet. 



Kronotskaja Sopka, 10,609 feet, on the lake of the 

 same name, lat. 54 8' ; a smoking crater at the summit 



