358 REACTION OF THE INTERIOR OF THE EARTH 



the nominative), He du Volcan of Krusenstern, south of 

 Kiusiu in Van Diemen Strait, in 30 43' lat. and 130 

 20' E. long., only 54 English miles from the above- 

 named volcano of Mitake, height 2366 feet. This small 

 island is mentioned by Linschote in 1596, who says; 

 ' it has a volcano, which is a sulphur or a burning 

 mountain.' We find it also in the oldest Dutch maps 

 with the name s Vulcanus.' (Fr. von Siebold, Atlas 

 vom Jap. Reiche, tab. XI.) Krusenstern saw it smoking 

 in 1804, as did Captain Blake in 1838, and Gruerin and 

 de la Roche Poncie in 1846. The height of the cone, 

 according to the last-mentioned navigator, is 2363 feet. 

 The small rocky island which Landgrebe mentions as a 

 volcano, in the Naturgeschichte der Vulkane (Bd. 1, S. 

 355), according to Kampfer not far from Firator (Fi- 

 rando), is indisputably Iwosima ; for the group to which 

 Iwosima belongs is called Kiusiu ku sima, i. e. the nine 

 islands of Kiusiu, not the 99 islands. There is such a 

 group near Firato, north of Nagasaki, and nowhere else 

 in Japan. (4) The island Ohosima (Barnevelt's Islands, 

 Krusenstern's lie de Vries) ; it is reckoned as belonging 

 to the province of Idsu in Nippon, and lies in front 

 of the Bay of Wodawara, in 34 42' N. lat. and 139 26' 

 E. long. Broughton in 1797 saw smoke rise from the 

 crater, a short time before a violent eruption had taken 

 place. A range of volcanic islets runs southward from 

 Ohosima to Fatsi sjo (33 6' N.), and is continued to the 

 Bonin Islands (26 30' N. and 142 5' E.), which, ac- 

 cording to Postels (Liitke, Voyage autour du Monde dans 

 les annees 1826 29, t. iii. p. 117), are also volcanic and 

 subject to very violent earthquakes. 



" These then are the eight historically active volcanoes 



