NOTES. Lxxix 



(345) p. 245. Thus the summit of Vesuvius is only 258 feet higher than 

 the Brocken. 



(846) p. 245. Humboldt, Vues des Cordilleres, PL XLIII.; and Atlas 

 ge'ogr. et phys. PL XXIX. 



( 347 ) p. 246. Junghuhn, work above quoted, Bd. i. S. 68 and 98. 



( 348 ) p. 246. Compare my Relat. hist. t. i. p. 93, particularly in respect 

 to the distance at which the summit of the volcano of the island Pico has some- 

 times been seen. The older measurement of Ferrer gave 7916 feet, therefore 

 304 feet more than the certainly more careful survey of Vidal in 1843. 



( 319 ) p. 246. Erman, in his interesting geological description of the vol- 

 canoes of the peninsula of Kamtschatka, gives to Awatschinskaia or Gorelaia 

 Sopka 8910 feet; and to Strieloschnaia Sopka, also called Koriurkaia Sopka, 

 11,819 feet. (Reise, Bd. iii. S. 494 and 540.) Compare, respecting these two 

 volcanoes, of which the first is the most active, L. de Buch, Descr. phys. des lies 

 Canaries, p. 447 450. Erman's measurement of the volcano of Awatscha 

 agrees most nearly with the earliest measurement by Mongez, in 1787, in the 

 expedition of La Perouse (8757 feet), and with the more recent one of Beechey 

 (9056 feet). Hofmann in Kotzebue's, and Lenz in Lutke's, Voyages, found 

 only 8168 and 8212 feet. Compare Lutke, Voy. autour du Monde, t. iii. p. 67 

 84. Liitke's measurement of the Strieloschnaia Sopka gave 11,199 feet. 



(sso) p> 246. Compare Pentland's table of heights in Mary Somerville's 

 Phys. Geogr. vol. ii. p. 452; Sir Woodbine Parish, Buenos- Ayres and the Prov. 

 of the Rio de la Plata, 1852, p. 343; Poppig, Reise in Chile and Peru, Bd. i. 

 S. 411-434. 



C 351 ) p. 246. May the summit of this remarkable volcano be diminishing 

 in height? A barometric measurement by Baldey, Vidal, and Mudge, in 1819, 

 still gave 9758 feet; whereas a very accurate and practised observer, who has 

 rendered important services to the geology of volcanoes, Sainte Claire Deville 

 (Voyage aux lies Antilles et a Tile de Fogo, p. 125), found, in 1842, only 9152 

 feet. Captain King, a short time before, had even found only 8810 feet. 



( 352 ) p. 247. Erman, Reise, Bd. iii. S. 271, 275, and 297. The volcano 

 Schiwelutsch has, like Pichincha, the form, rare among active volcanoes, of a 

 long ridge (chrebet), on which rise detached domes and crests (grebni). Conical 

 and bell-shaped mountains are always designated, in the volcanic district of the 

 peninsula, by the term sopki. 



( 353 ) p. 247. On the remarkable agreement of the trigonometric measure- 

 ment with the barometric one of Sir John Herschel, see Kosmos, Bd. i. S. 41, 

 Anm. 2 (English edition, Note 2). 



(***) p. 247. The barometric measurement of Sainte Claire Deville (Voy. 



