C NOTES. 



greatly injured the town of Concepcion, a submarine volcano broke forth near 

 Bacalao Head, on the Island of Chiloe, with a fiery eruption which raged vio- 

 lently for a day and a half. All this, with previous similar occurrences, under 

 similar conditions, confirms the belief, that the range of rocky islets which, south 

 of Valdivia and Fuerte Maullin, lie opposite to the fiords of the mainland ; viz. 

 Chiloe, the Archipelago of the Chonos and Huaytecas, the Peninsula de Tres 

 Monies, and the Islas de la Campana, de la Madre de Dios, de Santa Lucia, 

 and los Lobos, from 39 53' S. lat. to the entrance of Magellan Strait in 

 52 16', are the jagged crest of a sunken westernmost Cordillera. It is true that 

 we see no open trachytic cone, no volcano, in these fractis ex sequore terris, but 

 single submarine eruptions sometimes following, sometimes preceding, great 

 earthquakes, appear to point to the existence of this western fissure. (Dar- 

 win, on the Connexion of Volcanic Phsenomena, the Formation of Mountain 

 Chains, and the Effect of the same Powers, by which Continents are elevated : 

 in the Transactions of the Geological Society, second series, vol. v. Pt. III. 1840, 

 p. 606615 and 629 631 ; Hmnboldt, Essai Pol. sur la Nouv. Espagne, 

 t. i. p. 190, and t. iv. p. 287.) 



The twenty-four volcanoes of the Chilian group, proceeding from north to 

 south, from the parallel of Coquimbo to 46 S. lat., are as follows : 

 a. Between the parallels of Coquimbo and Valparaiso : 



Volcan de Coquimbo (3& 5' S.) ; Meyen, Th. 1, S. 385. 

 Limari. 

 Chuapri. 



Aconcagua*: W.N.W. of Mendoza, 32 39' S. ; height 

 23,004 feet, according to Kellet (see above, Note 371) ; but, according 

 to the most recent trigonometric measurement of the engineer Amado 

 Pissis (1854), only 22,301 feet, lower therefore than Sahama, to which 

 Pentland now assigns 22,350 feet ; Gilliss, U. S. Naval Astr. Exp. to 

 Chili, voL i. p. 13" : Pissis has given in full the geodetical elements of 

 his measurement (which required eight triangles) in the Anales de la Uni- 

 versidad de Chile, 1852, p, 219. 



Peak Tupungato has assigned to it by Gilliss 22,450 feet, and 33 22' 

 S. ; but in the Map of the Province of Santiago, by Pissis (Gilliss, p. 45), 

 22,016 feet are given. The latter value (6710 metres) is retained by 

 Pissis in the Anales de Chile, 1850, p. 12. 

 b. Between the parallels of Valparaiso and Concepcion : 



Maypu* : according to Gilliss (vol. i. p. 13) in 34 17' S. lat. (but in 

 his General Map of Chili, no doubt erroneously, in 33 47'), and the height 

 1 7,662 feet ; ascended by Meyen. The trachytic rock of the summit has 



