NOTES. Cl 



broken through Upper Jurassic strata in which von Buch recognised Exo- 

 gyra Couloni, Trigonia costata, and Ammonites biplex, taken from heights 

 of 9600 feet. (Description Physique des lies Canaries, 1836, p. 471.) 

 No streams of lava, but flames and eruptions of scoriae from the crater. 



Peteroa * : east of Talca, 34 53' S. ; often burning ; and, according to 

 Molina's description, having had a great eruption Dec. 3, 1762 ; was vi- 

 sited, in 1831, by the able explorer of nature, Gay. 



Volcan de Chilian : 36 2' S. ; the district has been described by the 

 Missionary Havestadt of Munster. Near it is the Nevado Descabezado 

 (35 1' S.), which Domeyko ascended, and Molina (erroneously) stated to 

 be the highest mountain in Chili. Gilliss estimates its height at 13,100 

 feet. (U. S. Naval Astr. Exp. 1855, vol. i. p. 16 and 371.) 



Tucapel : west of the town of Concepcion ; also called Silla Veluda ; 

 perhaps an unopened trachytic mount connected with the burning volcano 

 of Antuco. 

 c. Between the parallels of Concepcion and Valdivia : 



Antuco * : 37 7' S. ; geologically described in detail by Pb'ppig, " a 

 basaltic crater of elevation, out of which the trachytic cone rises ; lava 

 streams burst forth at the foot of the cone, and more rarely from the 

 summit crater." (Poppig, Reise in Chile und Peru, Bd. i. S. 364.) 

 One of these streams was still flowing in 1828. In 1845, the diligent ex- 

 plorer Domeyko found it in full activity ; he gave its height only 8918 

 feet. (Pentland, in Mary Somerville's Phys. Geography, vol. i. p. 186.) 

 Gilliss gives for its height 9242 feet, and mentions new eruptions in 1853. 

 According to an account communicated to me by the last-named distin- 

 guished American astronomer it would appear that, in the interior of the 

 Cordillera, on the 25th of Nov. 1847, a new volcano was upheaved forming 

 a Hill* 320 feet high. The sulphurous and fiery eruptions were seen by 

 Domeyko for more than a year. Far to the east of the Volcano Antuco, 

 in a parallel chain of the Andes, Poppig mentions two other active volca- 

 noes : Punhamuidda * and Unalavquen.* 



Volcano Callaqui. 



Volcan de Villarica* : 39 14' S. 



Volcano Chinal : 39 35' S. 



Volcan de Panguipulli * : according to Major Philippi in 40f S. 

 d. Between the parallels of Valdivia and the southernmost cape of the Island 

 of Chiloe : 



Volcano Ranco. 



Osorno, or Llanquihue : 41 9' S. : height, 7442 feet. 



