Cll NOTES. 



Volcan de Calbuco* : 41 12' S. 

 Volcano Guanahuca (Guanegue ?). 



Volcano Minchinmadom : 42 48' S. ; height, about 8000. 

 Volcan del Corcovado* : 43 12' S., height, 7509 feet. 

 Volcano Yanteles (Yntales) : 43 29' S. ; height, 8029 feet. On the 

 four last-mentioned heights, see Fitz-Roy (Exped. of the " Beagle," vol. iii. 

 p. 275), and Gilliss, vol. i. p. 13. 



Volcano San Clemente: opposite to the Peninsula de Tres Montes, which, 

 according to Darwin, consists of granite; 46 8' S. On the great Map of 

 South America by La Cruz, a more southern volcano, called de los Gigan- 

 tes,'is marked opposite to the islands de la Madre de Dios, in 51 4' S. 

 Its existence is very doubtful. 



The latitudes in the above Table are for the most part taken from the Maps 

 of Pissis, Allan Campbell, and Claude Gay, in the excellent work of Gilliss 

 (1855). 



( 40 ) p. 274. Humboldt, Kleinere Schriften, Bd. i. S. 90. 



( 401 ) p. 274. 24 January 1804. See my Essai Pol. sur la Nouv. Espagne, 

 t. i. p. 166. 



( 402 ) p. 277. The mica-schist of the mountain-knot de los Robles, lat. 2 2', 

 and of the Paramo de las Papas (lat. 2 20'), contains two mountain-lakes, 

 Laguna de S. Jago and Laguna del Buey, less than six miles from each other, 

 from the first-named of which flows the Cauca, and from the second the Mag- 

 dalena River. These rivers are soon after divided from each other by a central 

 mountain- chain, and reunite, in lat. 9 27', in the plains of Mombox and Tene- 

 rife. The above-mentioned knot, between Popayan, Almaguer, and Timana, is 

 of great importance in regard to the geological question whether the Andes of 

 Chili, Peru, Bolivia, Quito, and New Granada are connected with the chain of 

 the Panama Isthmus, and thus with that of Veragua and the volcanic ranges of 

 Costa Rica and the whole of Central America. In my maps of 1816, 1827, and 

 1831 (the "mountain -systems" of which have been more widely circulated by 

 Brud in Joaquin Acosta's fine Map of New Granada (1847), and other maps), 

 I have shown the manner in which, in N. lat. 2 1 0', the chain of the Andes 

 trifurcates, the western cordillera running between the valley of the Rio Cauca 

 and the Rio Atrato, the central one between the Cauca and the Magdalena, and 

 the eastern between the Magdalena and the plains, or llanos, which are watered 

 by the tributaries of the Amazons and the Orinoco. I was able to show the 

 special direction of each of these Cordilleras from a great number of points which 

 are part of my series of astronomical determinations of places, of which in South 

 America alone I obtained 1 52 by star culminations 



