C 3 



Bacon, Roger, 396, 602, 615, 617, 

 700 ; his scientific writings and their 

 influence on the extension of the 

 natural sciences, 619, 620. 



Balboa, Vasco Nunez de, his naviga- 

 tion of the Pacific, 642 646, 648. 



Banana (the), the aricna of Pliny, 524, 

 525. 



Barometer, invention of, 722; hypso- 

 metrical uses, 723. 



Barros, Johannes, Portuguese histo- 

 rian, writings of, 614, 649, 650, 670, 

 672. 



Basil the Great, simple and beautiful 

 description of Nature in his letter to 

 Gregory of Nazianzum, 393 394; 

 his Hexameron, 395. 



Behairn, Martin, of Nurnberg, 613, 

 631, 645616, 670. 



Bembo, Cardinal, his JEtim Dialogus, 

 387, 420; Historic Veneta3, 420. 



Berghaus, Professor, on the extent of 

 the Roman Empire, 548. 



Beriguardi, Claudio, first observed the 

 pressure of the atmosphere at varying 

 altitudes, 722. 



Bernaldez, Andres, MS. writings of, 

 641. 



Bluitti-Kavya, Indian poem, 407. 



Bles, Henry de, Flemish landscape 

 painter, 446. 



Boccaccio, a reviver of the study of 

 classical literature, 622, 623. 



Bockh, on the ' Adonis Gardens ' of the 

 ancients, 450 ; on the knowledge of 

 the Pythagoreans of the ' preces- 

 sion,' 545. 



Bodner, Carl, fidelity of his drawings 

 to nature, 451. 



Boethius, Geometry of, 597. 



Boiardo, smaller poems of, 419. 



Boreas, meteorological myth of, 511. 



Botanical knowledge of the Arabs, 

 581, 587; of the Mexicans, 652. 



Brahnmgupta, Indian mathematician, 

 555. 



Brahmins, and Brahminical districts, 

 534, 535. 



Breughel, Joiiann, his fruit and flower 

 pieces, 449. 



Brewster, Sir David, on Kepler's me- 

 thod of investigating truth, 710; im- 

 portant discovery of the connection 

 between the angle of complete pola- 

 risation ana the index of refraction, 



715; on the date of Newton's optical 



discoveries, 716. 



Breytenlach, Bernhard von, early tra- 

 veller, 434. 

 Bril, Matthew and Paul, Flemish 



landscape painters, 446. 

 Brongniart, Alexander, palocontolo- 



gical researches of, 733. 

 Bruchium, Library of, 542. 

 Bucolic poetry, its characteristics, 378. 

 Buffon, 431 ; deficiency of personal 



observation in his writings, 431, 432. 

 Bunsen, Chevalier, note from his 



' Egypt,' 486. 

 Byron, Lord, his poetry, 433. 



Cabot, Sebastian, voyages and disco- 

 veries of, 640642, 657, 658. 



Cabral, Alvarez, 614, 639. 



Cabrillo, Rodriguez, 602, 649. 



Cajsar, Julius, writings of, 388, 391, 

 558. 



Calderon, dazzling descriptions of na- 

 ture, in his writings, 429. 



Callimachus, gloomy descriptions of 

 Nature, in his ' Hymn on Delos,' 

 377. 



Callisthenes of Olynthus, 529, 530, 

 532. 



Camoens, faithful individuality of na- 

 ture in his ' Lusiad,' and its inimi- 

 table description of physical pheno- 

 mena, 424 427. 



Canary Islands, regarded by Don 

 Fernando, son of Columbus* as the 

 Cassiterides, of the Carthagenians, 

 495 ; supposed ' happy islands ' of 

 the ancients, 496 : early notices of, 

 497. 



Caravan trade, of the Phoanicians, 492, 

 493; of Western Asia, 536, 537; 

 Egypt, 538. 



Cardanus Hieronymus, writings of, 

 636, 637. 



Carthage, its geographical site, 481 ; 

 navigation, 405; greatness, 513. 

 See Phoenicians. 



Carus, on the tone of mind, awakened 

 by landscape, 447. 



Caspian Sea, 508, 509; Chinese expe- 

 dition to, 553. 



Cassini, Dominicus, his observations 

 on Saturn's ring, 706, 712; Zodiacal 

 light, 712, 



