CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



DEFINITION i 



RECOGNITION OF AN ORGANIC COMPOUND f . . 2 



ISOLATION AND PREPARATION OF PURE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. CRITERIA 



OF THEIR PURITY 3 



I. Purification of a Liquid by Distillation. Determination of the Boiling- 

 point, 4; II. Separation of Liquids, 8 ; Evaporation of Liquids, 

 13; III. Separation of Solid and Liquid. Filtration, 15; IV. 

 Purification of Solids by Crystallisation, 17 ; Determination of the 

 Melting-point, 23 ; V. Separation of Solids, 25 j Isolation of Solids 

 from Solution, 26. 



COMPOSITION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 28 



A. Elementary Composition. Detection of the Elements, 28 ; B. Quantita- 

 tive Composition. Estimation of the Elements, 31 ; C. Calculation 

 of Results, 41 ; D. Determination of Molecular Weight, 42. 



IDENTIFICATION OF AN ORGANIC COMPOUND 46 



HYDROCARBONS 49 



A. Saturated, 49 ; B. Unsaturated (a) Olefines, 54, (b) Acetylenes, 56. 



HALOGEN DERIVATIVES OF THE HYDROCARBONS 57 



Monohalogen Derivatives. Alkyl Halides, 57 ; Dihalogen Derivatives, 

 58 ; Trihalogen Derivatives. Chloroform, 59. lodoform, 62. 



ALCOHOLS 63 



Methyl Alcohol, 63 ; Ethyl Alcohol, 64 ; Propyl Alcohols, 68 ; Butyl 

 Alcohols, 68 ; Amyl Alcohols, 69 ; Higher Alcohols, 70. 



ESTERS 71 



Esters of Inorganic Acids, 71 ; Esters of Organic Acids, 72 ; Hydrolysis 

 of Esters, 74. 



ETHERS. ETHYL ETHER 76 



MERCAPTANS AND SULPHIDES . . .78 



ALDEHYDES 80 



Formaldehyde, 80; Acetaldehyde, 80; Estimation, 85; Chloral, 86; , 

 Chloral Hydrate, 86. 



KETONES. ACETONE 88 



THE FATTY ACIDS . . ........ 93 



Formic Acid, 94 ; Acetic Acid, 96 ; the Higher Fatty Acids, 99. 

 HALOGEN SUBSTITUTION DERIVATIVES OF THE FATTY ACIDS . . .100 



ACID OR ACYL CHLORIDES 101 



ACID ANHYDRIDES ............ 102 



be 



