ESSAY. 



11 



In order to ascertain what these are, it may he necessary 

 to inquire what is the most valuable or profitable 

 product which the particular piece of land under con- 

 sideration is capable of furnishing. With this idea 

 before* us we shall be more likely to succeed than if we 

 look at merely present results. As a general rule, 

 land cannot be plowed too deeply, if the whole soil 

 inverted be of an even quality and homogeneous in its 

 nature. Looking for the best results it is well to 

 deepen the plowing a little each time until the best 

 depth is reached. Deep plowing gives an increased 

 range for the roots of plants, and the deeper the 

 plowing the greater the exemption from the evil effects 

 of extremes of moisture and drought. The number of 

 times which the ground should be moved previous to 

 planting depends upon various considerations. As a 

 rule, it cannot be stirred, mixed and pulverized too 

 much for the quantity or value of the crop, but may for 

 its profit. 



The time and manner of planting have an influence 

 upon the crop but need not be noticed here. On the 

 subject of after cultivation, there exists some difference 

 of opinion. Many, and perhaps the majority, cultivate 

 only to prevent the growth of weeds. A few, in order 

 to stir the surface and prevent it from becoming 

 hardened, and some for the purpose of hilling crops. 

 The best result we think will be attained if we cultivate 

 primarily to stir the surface, especially after heavy 

 rains, and secondarily to suppress the growth of weeds, 

 and but seldom or never for the purpose of hilling. 

 Frequent stirring of the surface tends to promote the 

 constant movement of moisture contained in the soil 



