HAWAIIAN SKULLS 



Sex 



The sex of all the skulls examined is male with the exception of five, 

 namely, one P. U., one H. U., and three A. N. S. The female skulls have 

 been excluded from all the studies of averages and indices, and being so few 

 in number, I have contented myself with recording their measurements. 



In the Hawaiian crania studied by Turner, nineteen were found to be 

 males and fourteen to be females. The discrepancy between this result and 

 mine is so great that a word of comment is demanded. Turner had but four 

 cave skulls under observation, all of them being males ; this corresponds 

 nearly to the skulls in the largest series of this paper, since but one female 

 was found in all the cave crania. In the tabulated twenty-seven crania from 

 Oahu, expressly stated by Turner not to be from caves (and, therefore, com- 

 parable to my coast series), there were twelve females. It is probable that the 

 smaller number of females noted by myself is due to the fact that the coast 

 crania were for the most part collected from an ancient battle-field at Kipakai. 



Measurements 



CUBICAL CAPACITY. The cubical capacity of the cave series shows fifteen 

 (fifty-two per cent.) to be megacephalic, ten (thirty-four per cent.) to be meso- 

 cephalic, and four (fourteen per cent.) microcephalic. In Turner's series of 

 four cave crania, only one was mesocephalic, one megacephalic, and two 

 microcephalic ; yet, according to the law of averages, this series is regarded 

 by Turner to be mesocephalic. Of the coast series, seven (twenty-three per 

 cent.) only are megacephalic, fourteen (forty-five per cent.) microcephalic, and 

 ten (thirty-two per cent.) mesocephalic; a conclusion in full harmony with 

 other deductions drawn in contrasting the two series of skulls. In Turner's 

 group of Oahu crania (eighteen tabulated) the three kinds of crania were 

 about evenly distributed, viz., seven megacephalic, six mesocephalic, and 

 five microcephalic. 



BREADTH INDEX. The analyses of the breadth index in the cave series 

 show that twenty-one (sixty-five per cent.) are brachycephalic, ten (thirty-one 



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