TRANSACTIONS OF WAGNER 

 24 



HAWAIIAN SKULLS 



The line is to be read from below upward. The number 19 in the cave 

 series indicates that the minimum measurement is 19 mm., and that is repre- 

 sented by a single square of the paper, marked by a central dot, which indi- 

 cates that there is one specimen in the series which has an interorbital diam- 

 eter of 19 mm. The number above that of 19 is 20, there being six skulls in 

 the series of this measurement of 20 mm. ; but between 20 and 22 there is a 

 break in the sequence, and since there is no skull in the series having a meas- 

 urement of 21 mm., an asterisk is employed in place of the missing number. 

 Reviewing the entire series, it is seen at a glance that the number which is 

 most frequently represented is 25. Comparing the line for the cave series with 

 that of the coast, it will be noted that the most constant number in this series, 

 also, is 25, and the general appearance of the two records is much the same. 



I contrast the interorbital width with the longitudinal occipital arc, since 

 this measurement is of the most variable. It is evident that the dissimilarity 

 between the coast and the cave series is marked, not only in those numbers 

 which repeat themselves most frequently, but in the breaks in sequence, the 

 coast series exhibiting constancy in many instances, but also greater breaks 

 in sequence in others. The differences in these measurements is more easily 

 detected by mapping out the lines in the manner above indicated than in any 

 other way known to me. 



The biauricular measurement and the opticonasion measurement are, 

 also, herewith presented, in evidence of contrasts which can be accepted as 

 corresponding to the distinctions between the high and low caste. All things 

 being the same, I believe a measurement of the opticonasion (which is approxi- 

 mately for the base of the anterior frontal lobe) correlates, in this group, with 

 mentality, for we learn that the cave series show not only a higher grade of 

 numbers (the series running from 47 to 60, while the coast series is but 30 to 

 57), but that the cave series, save in two instances only, exhibit no breaks in 

 sequence, while that of the coast shows five such interruptions at the same 

 time that the cave series is disposed to be relatively more constant. There 

 are five crania measuring 48 mm. in the opticonasion length, seven measuring 

 50 mm., five measuring 53 mm., and four measuring 55 mm. In the coast 

 series there is a less marked disposition for the skulls to have the same num- 

 ber, five skulls only being in the same series, namely, 47 mm. The biauric- 

 ular measurement can be accepted as having the same significance as the 

 opticonasion. 



The greatest breadth, as a rule, is interparietal for both cave and coast 



