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HAWAIIAN SKULLS 



the anterior nasal spine and incisor crest rudimentary, and the temporal 

 impression not interrupted at the stephanion. The chief contrasts are noted 

 in the degree of projection of the upper jaw. In No. 1 105 this is highly pro- 

 jecting, while in No. 1107 it is straight. In the specimen, 1105, the skull is 

 massive and heavy. 



In specimen No. 1104, H. U., which is described in the section on dis- 

 eased action, the type is also chamaeprosopic. It is dolichocephalic and 

 massive. The skull-rest is condyle-opisthotic. 



Pczdomorphism 



The retention of the child type of skull in the adult, or of individual traits 

 of the child's skull, is much more conspicuous in the coast than in the cave 

 series. Indeed, it may be said to be almost absent in the latter. Among the 

 former three, Nos. 565 and 1300, A. N. S., and 1116, H. U., striking examples 

 of the retention are seen, especially in the proportions of the parietal bone, 

 in the retention of an open sagittal suture, and in the flat hard palate. In No. 

 1300, the admission of the malar bone into the sphenomaxillary fissure is 

 exceptionally large. The nasal bones, the mastoid processes, and the shape 

 of the temporal impression are almost exactly as in the skull of a child. 



Inflated Maxilla 



Two rhombocephalic skulls, No. 1755, A. N. S., cave, and No. 2094, A. 

 N. S., coast, show peculiar inflation of the superior maxillae. The anterior 

 surfaces of the bones are convex, and give a swollen appearance to the face. 

 The infraorbital canal is 10 mm. below the orbital margin. In sharp contrast 

 to the maxillae, the premaxilla exhibits well-defined depressions. The skulls 

 resemble one another in having wide pterygoid plates and markedly hyper- 

 bolic hard palates. In the cave skull the malar bone is remarkable for joining 

 the lachrymal bone. Well-developed tympanic exostoses and small prenasal 

 fossae are seen in both specimens. The cave skull is much higher in grade 

 than the coast. The malar bone in the cave skull enters the sphenoidal 

 fissure, while in the coast skulls it does not; in the former the bone is without 

 suture trace, while on the right side of the coast skull the bone is deeply 

 furrowed on the inner side. 



