TRANSACTIONS OF WAGNER 

 44- 



HAWA1IAN SKULLS 



sponds to the statement made in my memoir on Florida Crania,' that the 

 second premolar relates in the main to the molar series. The loss of the left 

 incisors leaves an interval of but 7 mm., and is associated with the left canine 

 moving forward. 



Specimen No. 1221, H. U., without lower jaw, male, estimated age thirty 

 years, the individual had lost all the left upper teeth excepting the central 

 incisor, which had been broken off close to the socket and was partly encysted 

 in bone; the third molar had probably been lost posthumously. The alveolus 

 from the central incisor to the molar series was hard, sharp, and thin, but that 

 of the molar series was porose. The study of the cranium led me to believe 

 that the loss of such an extensive series of teeth might have led to changes 

 in the skull, which would correspond to loss of masticatory power on the left 

 side of the head as compared with the right, the teeth being scarcely worn. 

 The following comparisons were accordingly instituted. The face seen from 

 in front exhibited osteophytes along the lines of the malomaxillary suture, 

 and the suture itself was open. The infraorbital foramen retained an osteo- 

 phyte on the inner margin. The suture between two parts of the maxilla in 

 the infraorbital margin was rugose and elevated. On the right side of the 

 face all these conditions were reversed. A hyperostosis directly back of the 

 last molar on the left side, while there was none on the right. This hyperos- 

 tosis as usually seen in edentulous skulls gave the impression that the 

 retention in position of the last upper molar had not been sufficient to prevent 

 the left side of the jaw undergoing the same change as though all the teeth 

 had been lost. The left external pterygoid plate was much narrower than the 

 right. The squama on the left side was provided with numerous coarse 

 denticles at the posterior half of the upper margin. On the right side these 

 were confined to the middle third, and were much larger than on the left side. 

 Numerous details in the texture of the surfaces of the temporal fossae indicated 

 that the left temporal muscle had been less powerful than the right. 



The part of the asterion into which the parietal bone enters was provided 

 with harmonic sutures on the left side, while on the right they were coarsely 

 lobate. When the skull was examined by transmitted light the left half was 

 seen to be more opaque, at the same time several small areas on the frontal 

 bone were translucent. On the right side the entire region of the squama 

 was normally translucent, and no isolated translucent areas were seen. The 

 surface for contact of the semiarticular cartilage of the left glenoid cavity was 

 much smaller than on the right side. 



