FREE INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE 



HAWAIIAN SKULLS 



the differences between the crania called here the " cave and the coast crania," 

 are not due to race but to methods of living, and in some degree to differences 

 of mental strength in individuals. The cave series represents the dominating 

 and superior type and the coast series the weak and conquered type. I have 

 suggested that some of the contrasts that obtain in the proportions of the 

 face of the crania after European contact may be traced to the impress made 

 upon the individual by the action of the exanthematous diseases. I remain 

 of the opinion that the interest attached to the study of the human skull is 

 not confined to attempting to limit race, but to the study of the effects of 

 nutritive and even morbid processes upon the skull form. 



LITERATURE 



1. ALEXANDER, W. I)., A Brief History of the Hawaiian People. American Book 



Company, 1891, page 75. 



2. ALLEN, HARRISON, Crania from the Mounds of the St. John's River, Florida. 



Journal Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. New Series, 1896, vol. x. 

 No. 4. 



3. ALLEN, HARRISON, Dental Cosmos, 1867. 



4. CHAI-IX, ALONZO, American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1837, vol. xx. page 43. 



5. DAVIS, J. BERNARD, Thesaurus Craniorum, London, 1867, page 325. 



6. DiHin.r.s, SHELDON, Travels in the Sandwich Islands, Labainaluna, 1843. 



7. DuMorxiKR, Voyage au Pole Sud (Astrolabe et Zelee), Anthropologie, plate 32. 



8. DWIGHT, THOMAS, American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1892, page 156. 



9. KI.LIS, W., Missionary Tour through Hawaii, London, 1827. 



10. K.MEKSOX, N. B., The Long Voyages of the Ancient Hawaiians. Proceedings 



Hawaiian Historical Society, May 18, 1893. 



11. FLOWER, WM. H., Osteological Catalogue, 1897, page 136. 



12. FROMENT, Recherches sur plusieurs Points d' Anatomic, Paris, 1854, page 55. 



13. HALBERTSMA, H. J., Amsterdam Verslagen, Akad., 1859, vol. ix., page 177, plates 1-3. 



14. TURNER, W., Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 1885, vol. xix., page 218. 



15. TURNER, W., Voyage H.M.S. Challenger, vol. xi., Report on Human Crania, 1884, 



page 62. 



1 6. RETZIUS, Uber Schadel von Sandwich Insulaner Ethnologische Schriften, fol., 1864. 



17. UHDE, C. W. F., Uber die Schadelform der Sandwich Insulaner, 410, 1861. 



18. WHITNEY, J. M., Dental Cosmos, Philadelphia, 1893, page i. 



