136 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



Fruit easily detached from the calyx. Flowers white, rather smaller 

 than the last. 



Woods and clearings, banks, etc., in the plains and sub- Alps. May. 



Distribution. Europe, including British Isles, Asia, N. Africa, 

 N. and S. America. 



Fragaria elatior Ehrh, (F. moschata Duchense) . Hautboy Strawberry. 



Stems longer than the leaves. Flowers quite large. Calyx 

 spreading horizontally. Fruit adhering to the calyx. A larger and 

 more robust plant. Woods and banks. April to June. 



Distribution. Central and Eastern Europe ; Northern Asia, 

 Japan. 



GEUM L. 



Herbs with a short perennial stock and annual erect stems. 

 Leaves pinnate, with few unequal segments, and yellow, red, or 

 white flowers, growing singly on long peduncles at the ends of the 

 stem 'or branches. Calyx of 5 equal divisions, with 5 very .small 

 outer ones alternating. Petals 5. Stamens numerous. Carpels 

 numerous, i-seeded, ending in a hairy awn, which is hooked at the 



p. 



A small genus, spread over the temperate and colder regions of 

 Europe, Asia, and North America, and descending along the Andes. 



Geum montanum L. (Plate XVI.) 



Rootstock more or less horizontal, and with long fibres. Stem 

 erect, about 6 or 8 inches high, villous like the leaves, i-flowered. 

 Root-leaves lyrate-pinnatifid ; segments ovate or roundish, obtuse, 

 unequally crenate, the lower ones much smaller, the terminal one 

 very large, obscurely lobed ; stem-leaves small, 3-cleft, dentate. 

 Flowers very handsome, golden yellow. Achenes forming a nearly 

 globular head, villous. Regarded by the inhabitants of the Alps 

 as having wonderful properties in healing various diseases. 



Pastures and rocky places of the Alps, from 4500-9500 feet. 

 Much commoner than G. reptans, which is purely Alpine. June> July. 



Distribution. Carpathians, Balkans, Eastern, Central, and 

 Western Alps ; Pyrenees, Corsica. 



Geum rivale L. Water Avens. 



Stems erect or ascending about a foot high. Leaves mostly 

 radical, with a large, orbicular terminal segment, coarsely toothed 

 or lobed, or sometimes divided into 3, and a few very small segments 

 lower down the stalk. Flowers few, drooping, dull purplish red, 

 with a tinge of orange. Carpels very hairy, in a globular head. 



Damp places near rivers, etc., especially in the mountain districts. 

 May to July. 



Distribution. Europe, Western and Northern Asia, N. America. 

 British. 



