DIPSACE.E 163 



with 3 or more pairs of leaves. Leaves of barren lateral tufts and 

 lowest stem-leaves stalked, undivided, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 

 acute or obtuse, wavy or irregularly dentate, usually cordate at 

 the base ; upper stem-leaves with shorter stalks or sessile, 3-partite, 

 divisions lanceolate, acute, irregularly toothed, the central one 

 larger. Flowers small, reddish, sweet-scented, arranged in a ter- 

 minal umbellate cyme. 



Rocky places and pastures up to 6000 feet. May, June. 



Distribution. Carpathians ; Eastern, Central, and Western Alps ; 

 Jura, Vosges, Black Forest, Cevennes, Pyrenees, Corsica. 



Valeriana montana L. 



Stem erect, i-ij feet high, glabrous like the entire plant', less 

 often downy. Leaves in 3 or more pairs, all undivided, ovate or 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, entire or unequally toothed ; 

 those of the barren shoots and the lower stem-leaves stalked, often 

 cordate at the base ; upper stem-leaves more shortly stalked or 

 sessile, narrower, the uppermost lanceolate. Flowers usually pink, 

 in a terminal corymbose cyme. The root has a strong odour. 

 f^Rocky, damp Alpine and sub-alpine places, descending to a low 

 elevation ; 3000-6500 feet ; common. June to August. 



Distribution. Carpathians ; Eastern, Central, and Western Alps, 

 Jura, Corbieres, Pyrenees. 



DIPSACE^: 



Leaves opposite or whorled. Flowers small, collected into a 

 capitulum surrounded by an involucre of bracts. Calyx-limb cup- 

 shaped, entire or lobed, surrounded by an involucel. Corolla 

 funnel-shaped, 4-5 lobed. Stamens 4. Ovary i-celled, with I 

 pendulous ovule. Style filiform. Stigma capitate. Fruit in- 

 dehiscent, i-seeded. 



A rather small family, spread over the ' ancient world.' 



SCABIOSA L. 



Capitulum hemispherical or depressed, outer flowers generally 

 large and rayed. Involucel tubular, 45 lobed. Calyx-limb cup- 

 shaped, with 4 or 5 stiff bristles or awns. Corolla 4-5 lobed. 



Scabiosa lucida Vill. 



Stem 6-12 inches high, simple, erect, terminating in a single rose- 

 violet or deep mauve capitulum, with large ray-florets. Lowermost 

 leaves elongated, stalked, crenate, rather shining ; upper ones 

 pinnatifid, with linear-lanceolate segments. 



Pastures and stony spots in the Alps ; 4500-8000 feet. June to 

 September. 



