COMPOSITE 165 



completely so or only to appear at its summit as a short border, 

 or more often as a pappus (or ring of feathery hairs). Corollas 

 either all tubular or all ligulate, or the outer ones ligulate (ray florets) 

 and the inner ones tubular (disk florets). Stamens 5 or rarely 4, 

 inserted in the tube of the corolla. Anthers linear, and united in a 

 sheath round the style. Ovary inferior, i-celled, i-ovuled. Stigmas 

 2. Fruit a small dry, seed-like nut, called an achene, either crowned 

 by the pappus or naked. 



The largest family, comprising about 12,000 species, and repre- 

 sented all over the globe, and in every kind of station. 



The family is frequently subdivided into 2 sub-families : 



TUBULIFLOR^E and LlGULIFLOR^E 



SUB-FAMILY : TUBULIFLOR^ 

 ADENOSTYLES Cass. 



Stem leafy. Leaves alternate, stalked. Capitula numerous, 

 forming a leafless corymb. Involucre of a few leaves, arranged in a 

 single row. Flowers all tubular, red or white. Seeds nearly terete, 

 striated. 



Adenostyles albifrons Reichb. (Plate XVII.) 



Stem 1-2 feet high, erect, striated. Leaves large, stalked, 

 reniform-cordate, coarsely and unequally doubly dentate, slightly 

 tomentose beneath. Leaf -stalks often auriculate at the base. 

 Capitula 3-6 flowered, collected into corymbose umbels. Flowers 

 rose-purple. 



Mountain woods and Alpine and sub-alpine pastures ; 3300-5500 

 feet ; common, especially on limestone. July, August. 



Distribution. Sudetic Mountains, Riesengebirge, Eastern, Central 

 and Western Alps ; Jura, Vosges, Black Forest. 



Adenostyles alpina Bluff, and Fing. (A. glabra Miller, DC.) 



Stem erect, 1-3 feet high, slightly downy above, and often purple 

 like the involucres, ending in a much-branched, umbellate, pani- 

 culate, corymbose inflorescence. Leaves nearly round, kidney- 

 shaped, or roundly triangular, regularly dentate, glabrous or with 

 scattered hairs above, the uppermost leaves often lanceolate, den- 

 tate, reticulately veined on under side, and the veins thickly coated 

 with hairs. Capitula 2-6 flowered, tufted. Flowers pink or flesh- 

 coloured. 



Moist, shady Alpine or sub-alpine places up*to[8ooo^feet, and often 

 descending to the valleys ; limestone in preference. ? June to 

 September. 



Distribution. Eastern, Central, and Western Alps, Jura ; 

 Corsica. 



