174 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



under the name of Cineraria, but the character has proved so 

 uncertain that modern botanists have given it up. 



Senecio sylvaticus L. Wood Groundsel. (Plate XI.) 



An annual, much resembling the common Groundsel, but a 

 taller plant, often 2 feet high, slightly downy, or nearly glabrous, 

 and not so viscid nor so strong-smelling as S. viscosus, which also 

 grows in sandy or stony places in the Swiss mountains. Flower- 

 heads rather numerous, in a loose corymb. Involucral bracts 12-15, 

 the outer ones very small. Outer florets usually ligulate, but 

 small and rolled back as in the Viscous Senecio, and sometimes 

 quite absent as in the Groundsel. Achenes covered with minute, 

 adpressed hairs. 



Waste places, banks, borders of woods, and in Switzerland, 

 especially in the clearings of pine-woods. June to October. The 

 plant illustrated came from Chamonix. 



Distribution. Most of Europe from Scandinavia to the Mediter- 

 ranean. Britain. Siberia. 



Senecio Doronicum L. (Plate XX.) 



Polymorphic. In high situations generally covered with a grey 

 felt, but becoming glabrescent sometimes in shadier places in 

 lower altitudes (see notes by R, Farrer, W. Irving, and the author 

 in Gard. Chron., 1910, p. 56). 



Leaves thick, often cottony below, entire or toothed ; lower 

 leaves oblong, obtuse, prolonged below into a petiole ; the next 

 sessile, lanceolate, semi-amplexicaul. Ray-flowers 10-20, orange- 

 yellow. Outer involucre with 10 or more bracts. 



Rocky place and pastures> especially on calcareous mountains ; 

 5000-8800 feet, frequent. July, August. 



Distribution. Eastern, Central, and Western Alps, Pyrenees, 

 Spain, S. Jura, Central Europe, N.W. Balkans. 



Senecio abrotanifolius L. 



Stem shrubby at the base, annual shoots 3-12 inches long, 

 glabrous or slightly downy like the leaves, corymbosely branched 

 above, with 2 or more capitula, less often with a single capitulum. 

 Lower leaves bi-pinnate, stalked, dark green, shining, finely and 

 deeply divided ; upper leaves simply pinnate, sessile. Teeth 

 narrowly linear, acute. Paleae about half length of involucral 

 bracts. Ray-flowers spreading. Capitula large, orange-yellow. 



On rocks, between stones, and on debris of the calcareous Alps ; 

 4000-5500 feet. July to September. 



Distribution. Carpathians, Eastern Alps, and Switzerland, 

 but only in Tessin, Grisons, Appenzell and Zermatt valley. 



Senecio subalpinus Koch. 



Glabrous. Stem 1-2 feet high, with large leaves, somewhat woolly 



