i?6 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



meter. Flowers orange-red or rarely yellow. Involucral bracts 

 tinged with purple entirely or only at the tip, woolly at the base. 

 Alpine and sub -alpine meadows and pastures; local. June, 

 July. 



Distribution. Carpathians ; Eastern, Central, and Western 

 Alps. In Switzerland on some of the southern calcareous Alps. 



5. alpestris DC. (Cineraria alpestris Hoppe). 



Stem erect, 10-18 inches high, umbellate at the summit, with 

 3 or more capitula, covered like the leaves with long wool and 

 short, thickish hairs. Leaves entire, wavy or toothed, ovate, run- 

 ning into the leaf-stalk, obtuse ; upper leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 sessile, acute. Peduncles of the capitula naked. Outer ligulate 

 flowers radiate, yellow, but often wanting. Ovary and achenes 

 glabrous. 



Alpine and sub-alpine pastures and meadows ; frequent. June, 



July. 



Distribution. Carpathians, Eastern Alps. 



S. campestris DC., 5. integrifolius Clairv. (Cineraria campestrisRetz). 



Stem erect, simple, 6 inches to 2 feet high. Root-leaves stalked, 

 oblong or ovate ; stem-leaves longer and narrower, all entire or 

 slightly crenate, covered with a loose, cottony wool on the under 

 side, like the stems. Flower-heads few, in a small terminal umbel, 

 the peduncles starting from nearly the same point. Achenes 

 downy. Flowers pale yellow. 



Dry pastures and meadows, especially on limestone mountains 

 such as those of the Jura ; very local. July. 



Distribution. Jura, Maritime Alps, Southern Jura of Vaud 

 only in Switzerland, Prussia, Central and Eastern Europe ; rare 

 in England. 



S. spathulifolius DC. (Cineraria spathulifolia Gmel.). 



A taller, cottony plant. Stem erect, simple, hollow, more or less 

 covered with cottony wool like the leaves. Root-leaves oval, 

 almost truncate at the base, or sometimes suddenly contracted 

 into a broad- winged petiole; stem-leaves narrowed into a broad 

 clasping petiole, upper ones lanceolate, sessile, and smaller. Achenes 

 brownish, hispid with snow-white pappus. 



This species closely resembles the last, but it grows in marshy 

 places and mountain bogs. June. 



Distribution. In Switzerland widely spread but rather rare, 

 and it is commoner in the central Jura district. 1 



1 Godet, Flore dujura (1853), p. 362. 



