182 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



volucre of small scales. An herbaceous plant not unlike the 

 dandelion in some respects. 



Moist, shady Alpine and sub-alpine situations. June, July. 



Distribution. Carpathians, Eastern, Central, and Western Alps. 



HYPOCH^RIS L. 



Capitula on simple or dichotomously-branched leafless scapes. 

 Involucral bracts in several rows. Flowers yellow. Leaves radical. 

 Fruit striate ; outer ones with very short beak or none ; inner ones 

 with a long beak. Pappus of one row of feathery hairs, and usually 

 an outer row of stiff bristles. 



Hypochczris maculata L. Spotted Cat's-ear. 



Stems 8-24 inches high, slightly thickened beneath the capitulum. 

 Capitula 13 (usually single), golden yellow, fragrant. Leaves 

 usually spotted with dark brown, forming a rosette, oblong or 

 oblong-ovate, almost entire or sinuate-dentate. Outer bracts of 

 involucre lanceolate, the inner ones linear-lanceolate, edged with 

 yellow, otherwise blackish, hairy. 



Sub-alpine pastures ; rare in Switzerland. June, July. 



In France, England, and elsewhere it grows in the plains. 



Distribution. Central and Northern Europe. British. 

 Hypocharis uniflora Vill. 



Stems 8-18 inches high, much thickened beneath the capitulum, 

 which is large and solitary and 2 inches in diameter. Stems erect, 

 scape-like, with i or 2 small leaves, hairy. Leaves mostly radical, 

 lanceolate, dentate, hispid. Flowers pale or bright yellow. In- 

 volucral bracts blackish, hispid ; the outer ovate, the inner lanceo- 

 late. 



Alpine and sub-alpine meadows and pastures up to 6500 feet. 

 July, August. 



Distribution. Carpathians, Riesengebirge, Eastern, Central, and 

 Western Alps. 



TRAGOPOGON L. Goafs-beard. 



Capitula solitary. Involucral bracts in one row, narrow, usually 

 longer than the yellow or purple flowers. Leaves entire, amplexi- 

 caul. Fruit with a long beak, Pappus-hairs in several rows, rigid, 

 feathery. Very milky plants. Flowers generally closing by 

 midday. 



Tragopogon pratensis L. 



Involucral bracts not longer than the flowers, narrow-lanceolate. 

 Stem not much thickened below the capitulum. Leaves broadened 

 at the base, insensibly narrowed, linear, usually erect. Flowers 

 yellow. Achenes long and striate, the slender beak as long as the 

 achene. Hairs of pappus long and feathery. 



