226 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



Distribution. Europe, Caucasus, Altai, Himalaya, and naturalised 

 in America and Algeria. 



Verbascum montanum Schrad. 



Closely resembles V. Thapsus, of which it is sometimes con- 

 sidered a variety, but the flowers are larger, filaments of all the 

 stamens are woolly, and the leaves not so strongly decurrent. 



Hilly woods and waste places, especially in Southern Switzerland. 

 June to August. 



Verbascum Chaixii Vill. 



A perennial species, 2-3 feet high, covered with greyish tomentum. 

 Stems rather slender. Leaves pubescent above, crenate or dentate, 

 the lower ones oval-oblong, contracted into a petiole or truncate at 

 the base ; upper leaves almost heart-shaped and sessile. Flowers 

 rather small, yellow, with violet throat. 



Woods, chestnut groves, and hills. July, August. 



Distribution. Tessin in Switzerland, Maritime Alps, Pyrenees, 

 Cevennes, Central and Southern Europe, Caucasus, Armenia. 



LINARIA Hill. 



Corolla personate, spurred. Stamens 4. Stigma notched or 

 2-lobed. Capsule of 2 nearly equal cells, dehiscing by pores. 



A numerous genus of mostly annual plants, especially abundant 

 in South-western Europe. 

 Linaria alpina Miller. (Plate V.) 



Annual or biennial. Root tapering, fibrous, whole plant glabrous 

 and glaucous. Stem procumbent or ascending at the apex, simple 

 or branched, weak, glabrous like the leaves. Leaves sessile, linear 

 or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, glaucous, entire, in whorls of 3 or 4, 

 or the upper ones alternate. Flowers in short, loose racemes ; 

 flower-stalk as long as the calyx. Corolla large, violet, with orange 

 throat. Seeds elliptical, flat, smooth, surrounded by a membranous 

 rim. Very rarely the flowers are yellow. 



Debris and moraines in the calcareous Alps and sub- Alps ; 

 common, and descending into the valleys in the dry beds of streams. 

 July to September. 



It also mounts to a great height on some of the highest peaks, 

 and has been gathered at 3800 metres or 12,460 feet on the Grivola. 



Distribution. Eastern, Central, and Western Alps ; Jura, Car- 

 pathians, Transylvania, Balkans, Pyrenees, Spain. 



Linaria petrcea Jord. (Plate V.) 



May be only a variety of the above, of looser habit, with blue- 

 violet flowers, usually without any orange, and seeds less broadly 

 winged. 



It grows in similar places, but is far from common, except in the 



