factory showing loaded cane cars 



To understand clearly the process of making sugar, it is 

 Ma PS f n t essential to keep in mind the following steps in manufacture : 



1. Weighing and keeping of complete records. 

 The extraction of the juice from the cane. 

 The purification or clarification of the juice. 

 The evaporation of about 75% of the water, reducing the juice to a 



syrup. 



The concentration and crystallization of the syrup. 

 The drying of the crystals or grains in preparation for the market. 

 The bagging of the raw sugar and stacking in the warehouse 



2. 

 3. 

 4. 



5. 

 6. 



7. 



Weighing and Unloading 



The cane is received at the scales, and a complete record is 

 Weighing kept of the weights of the cane and the field on which it is grown, 

 as well as the fanner or colono who has raised it. Storage yards 

 are provided close to the factory so that sufficient cane may be stored to 

 keep the factory in operation during the night, as it is customary to operate 

 24 hours per day, closing down only on Sunday or a part of Sunday, for the 

 purpose of making slight repairs and cleaning machinery. 



Unloading 

 the Cane 



After passing the cane scales, the cars are placed alongside 

 the cane carrier which feeds the mills. The system of unloading 

 the cars of cane to the carrier differs in various centrals, de- 

 pending upon local conditions. The commonly used method in Cuba has 



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