CARBOLIC FUCHSIN. 73 



The stain is made either by taking 



Fuchsin . . . 1 gramme, 



Acid, carbol. crist. . . 5 grammes, 

 Alcohol . . . . 10 

 Aq. dest. . . 100 



or by saturating a 5 per cent, aqueous solution of carbolic 

 acid with concentrated alcoholic solution of fuchsin (the 

 saturation of the carbolic solution with fuchsin is made mani- 

 fest by the formation of a metallic-looking pellicle on the 

 surface of the liquid). The stain is washed out with alcohol 

 followed by clove oil. 



ORANGE, precise but weak. 



BISMARCK BROWN is not very satisfactory with chromic objects. With 

 alcohol objects it gives a good chromatin stain, but cannot be thoroughly 

 removed from cytoplasm by any means yet discovered. 



KAISEE (Biblioth. Zool., H. vii, 1 Halfte, 1891 ; Zeit /. 

 wiss. Mik., viii, 3, 1891, p. 363) has obtained good results 

 with Bismarck brown in the following way : Stain for forty- 

 eight hours, and at a temperature of 60 C., in saturated 

 solution of Bismarck brown in 60 per cent, alcohol (the solu- 

 tion to be made in boiling alcohol), and wash out (until all is 

 decoloured except the karyokinetic figures) in 60 per cent, 

 alcohol, containing 2 per cent, hydrochloric acid or 3 per 

 cent, acetic acid. 



To these may be added 



METHYL VIOLET, perhaps best used according to the method of Eesegotti 

 given in 101 ; and (according to GRIESBACH, Arch. f. mik. Anat., xxii, 

 p. 132. 



TROP.EOLIN 000, No. 2 (ORANGE n ; CHRYSAUREIN, /3 NAPHTOLORANGE), 

 a fine dark orange stain, and 



ROCELLIN (ECHTROTH, ORSEILLIN No. 3, KUBIDIN, LA RAUVARIENE), a 



cherry -red stain. 



BENZOAZURIN has been lately recommended by MARTIN (see Zeit. f. wiss. 

 Mik., vi, 3, 1889, p. 193). Stain for an hour or so in dilute aqueous solu- 

 tion and wash out with HC1 alcohol. 



B. Direct Nuclear Stains. 



108. As regards the direct nuclear stains, the reader is reminded 

 that, as was stated in 95, many if not most of the anilins give a nuclear 

 stain of greater or less purity if they are used in solutions acidified with 

 acetic acid. Under the present heading, only those are mentioned which 

 give in all respects, alike as regards precision and permanence, simplicity of 

 manipulation and other qualities, a really valuable stain. The very exist- 



