PREFACE 



THIS book has been written in the hope of supplying the needs 

 of high schools where Agriculture is taught, and of Agricultural 

 Colleges which demand a good text-book that is not too technical, 

 and where the work embraces a large field in which there is a call 

 for practical information and suggestions. It is intended also to 

 supply farmers, orchardists, vegetable growers, owners of gardens, 

 and housekeepers with a reference book for guidance in a cam- 

 paign against injurious insects and four-footed pests of the farm, 

 and to assist them in obtaining information about some of our more 

 common birds in their relation to agriculture. The widespread 

 and growing interest in this latter group of animals is not to be 

 disregarded. 



The suggestions contained herein are largely the results of 

 twenty-one years of work in Economic Entomology on the part 

 of the author. Yet in so large a field one must of necessity have 

 recourse to much experience not his own, and the author has not 

 hesitated to obtain desired information from many reliable publi- 

 cations; such as bulletins and circulars from the United States 

 Department of Agriculture, bulletins from the Geneva and the 

 Cornell stations, and from all sections of the country. 



Many illustrations are from Minnesota State publications. 

 I have also been favored by the kindness of others who have 

 loaned their cuts. Courtesies of this kind, which are hereby 

 gratefully acknowledged, have been extended by the Bureau 

 of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture; P. J. 

 Parrott, of the New York (Geneva) station; Dr. G. W. Herrick, 

 of the Cornell station; the California station; Professor G. H. 

 Dean, of Kansas; C. P. Gillette, of Colorado; R. A. Cooley, of 

 Montana; W. C. O'Kane, of New Hampshire; H. A. Morgan, of 

 Tennessee; W. E. Britton, of Connecticut; and the Ohio station. 

 For figures 324 and 326 the author is indebted to the "Country 

 Gentleman." Some illustrations of spraying apparatus were ob- 

 tained from the Barnes Company and the Goulds Manufacturing 

 Company. The J. B. Lippincott Company furnished some of the 



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