72 



INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE 



Control. Spray the trees twice once as soon as the leaves 

 are fallen, and, second, in the early spring, as soon as the buds 

 swell. Use lime-sulfur wash each time. The old rough bark on 

 the trunk of the tree should be scraped off before applying the 

 winter spray, so that every portion may be wet with the liquid. 



Lime-sulfur Wash. Lime, four pounds; sulfur, three pounds; 

 water, ten gallons; or, better, purchase commercial lime-sulfur 

 and use according to directions on can. 



FIG. 94. Oyster-shell scale or bark louse: a, female scale from below filled with eggs; 

 b, same from above; c, infested twig; d, male scale; e, twig infested with male scale. (U. S. 

 Bu. Ent.) 



Summer sprays are hardly effective and should be resorted to 

 only when winter spraying has been neglected. Dilute lime-sulfur 

 (see directions) or whale oil soap (one pound to four or five gallons) 

 or dilute miscible oils may be used at this season. 



The Oyster-shell Scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi Linn.). These 

 have been introduced from Europe. The scales are one-sixth of an 

 inch long, brownish in color, and are somewhat like the shell of the 

 oyster in shape. The white eggs are found under the scales in winter. 



