138 INSECT PESTS OF BERRIES AND GRAPES 



fields should be plowed as soon as the berries are picked. The 

 leaves might be sprayed after the crop is gathered. Use arsenate 

 of lead at the rate of three pounds in fifty gallons of water. Plant 

 pistillate varieties as far as possible. 



Ground beetles at times cause injury by gnawing into the 

 fruit of the strawberry. These insects (Harpalus pennsylvanicus 

 DeG. and#. caliginosus Fabr.) are, for the most part, carnivorous, 

 attacking injurious caterpillars, and hence are beneficial. They 

 probably attack the strawberry for its seeds, but their fondness 

 for seed has extended to the pulp also. Their work is done mostly 

 at night, the beetles hiding under stones or clods of earth or mulch 

 during the day. The larvae or grubs live in the ground. 



Control. Experiments hi the control of these insects have never 

 been fully worked out. The beetles are attracted to strong lights 

 at night and may be trapped by lanterns or may be caught in 

 traps with meat baits. Short pieces of boards also may be placed 

 at intervals over the patch and offer favorable hiding places. The 

 bisects gather under these boards and can be collected and killed 

 during the day. English growers trap an allied form by the use 

 of dishes with high smooth sides sunk in the ground and baited 

 with meat. 



The tarnished plant bug is discussed on page 84, under the 

 head of Apple Insects. 



Supplementary List for Strawberries. Several other insects 

 also attack the strawberry. Page references are given for those 

 described in this book. 



False chinch-bug Stalk borer, p. 256 



Glassy cut-worm Sulfur brown tortrix 



Greasy cut-worm Thread-bearing span worm 



Imbricated snout beetle Wavy-striped flea beetle 



Oblique- banded leaf-roller, p. 96 Wire worm, p. 206 

 Rusty-brown tortrix 



INSECTS ATTACKING RASPBERRY AND BLACKBERRY 



Attacking the Roots or Canes. 



The Blackberry Crown-borer or Raspberry Root-borer. This 

 is a clear-winged moth (Bembecina marginata Harris), shown in 

 figure 157. 



Life History and Habits. The adult moth deposits its eggs in 

 midsummer on the leaves. These eggs are deep brownish red in 

 color. Each female lays about one hundred and forty. The young, 



