164 INSECT PESTS OF BERRIES AND GRAPES 



Arsenate of lead may be used as a spray if the fruit is not too near 

 the ripening stage. 



Grape-vine Leaf-hoppers. There are three species of the 

 genus Typhlocyba. Perhaps the most important is T. vitis Harr. 

 The adults of these three species of leaf-hoppers are all similar 

 in shape and general appearance, differing in minor markings. 

 T. vulnerata is a reddish-brown insect, marked with white lines 



FIG. 180. The American procris: a, caterpillar; b, pupa; c, cocoon; d and e, moths. Below, 

 a colony of caterpillars feeding. (After Kiley.) 



and dots, with two prominent black lines at the margin of the 

 upper wings. T. comes is of a translucent white color, marked 

 with red lines and prominent black spots at tip of wings and two 

 black lines at the margin. These nymphs hatch in midsummer 

 or early fall, they hibernate as adults, and in spring attack the 

 leaves of the vines as soon as the foliage appears. The life history 

 as well as the occurrence of these species varies in different parts 

 of the country. 



