CRESPHONTES BUTTERFLY 



179 



The tents are constructed on various plans, according to the prefer- 

 ence of the grower. 



Manifestly some standard of dosage must be followed to secure 

 the desired results with safety, and the necessary charges have 

 been well worked out by entomologists. A formula is obtained 

 by multiplying the circumference of the tented tree by the distance 

 over the top. Point off two places in the result. For example: 

 a tented tree measuring twenty feet around and thirty feet over 

 would require six ounces of cyanide of potash for the purple scale. 

 Using the proportions given above, the formula would be: six 

 ounces cyanide, twelve fluid ounces acid, and eighteen fluid ounces 



FIG. 199. Larva of cresphontes butterfly. 



water for each tree. This, however, is for the purple scale only. 

 For the red, yellow, and black scales the amount should be reduced 

 about one-quarter. Since different methods of fumigation are 

 practiced in different sections and different dosages are required 

 for various scales, growers are advised to consult with their own 

 experiment station authorities in undertaking this work for the 

 first time. For remedies for the San Jose" scale see page 72. 



"The Orange Dog," or Cresphontes Butterfly (Papilio cres- 

 phontes Fab.). This conspicuous caterpillar, which feeds in the 

 North on prickly ash and other plants, is at times a serious enemy 

 to the orange, stripping the leaves from young trees. 



Description and Life History. When full grown the larva is 



