346 



MILL AND ELEVATOR INSECTS 



barrels, or second-hand machinery should be allowed to enter the 

 mill without treatment. Scrupulous cleanliness in the building 

 is a strong factor. In large mills, help should be employed and 

 assigned entirely to sweeping and cleaning. A fumigation house 

 might well be constructed where sacks, barrels, etc., could be 

 fumigated. For treatment in badly infested mills, both in case 

 of this pest and other mill insects, see page 353. 



Granary Weevil. This is a small, brown beetle (Calandra 

 granaria Linn.), about one-sixth of an inch in length, with a long 

 snout. The grub or larva is shorter than the adult, white in color; 

 robust in appearance; it is found inside of the kernel of grain. 



FIG. 351. Mediterranean flour moth; a, larva; b, pupa; c, adult, enlarged; d, head 

 and thoracic joints of larva, much enlarged; e, abdominal joint of same, much enlarged; 

 /, moth from side, resting; g, front wing; h and i, venation of front and hind wings respect- 

 ively, (a, b, c, and e, Riley and Howard in Insect Life; d, f, g, h, and i, after Snellen.) 



The female beetle punctures a kernel with her snout and lays 

 therein a single egg, the larva devouring the inside of the kernel 

 and changing within to a pupa. The adult emerges six weeks from 

 the time the egg is laid. There may be three or four broods of 

 this insect in the North. In corn, several larvae may be found 

 in one kernel. Inasmuch as the beetles also eat the grain and 

 are long-lived, they may cause serious damage under favorable 

 conditions. Figure 353 illustrates this species; and also the rice 

 weevil. 



Control Measures. Constant cleanliness is advised, and the 

 prompt removal of dust, rubbish, refuse and sweepings of grain. 

 Granaries should be tight and, as far as possible, without heat, 

 preferably at some distance from other buildings. 



