156 TELEOSTEI: ACANTHOPTERI. XX. 



form together a group or suborder called by Professor Cope the 



SCYPHOBRANCHII. 



FAMILY LXXXI. UBANOSCOPID^EJ. (THE STAR- 

 GAZERS.) 



Body elongate, tapering behind; scales usually small, cycloid; 

 lateral line mostly ^obsolete. Head cuboid, usually mailed above 

 and on cheeks. Eyes small, on front of top of head. Mouth verti- 

 cal, the lower jaw prominent, the lips mostly fringed ; teeth small ; 

 premaxillaries protractile ; maxillary broad, simple, not concealed 

 by preorbital. Gill openings very wide, the membranes free ; gills 

 3, a small slit behind the last. Pseudobranchias present. Spinous 

 D. very short, the fin long; A. long; P. with broad oblique base; 

 V. jugular, 1, 5. No air-bladder. Carnivorous fishes of the shores 

 in warm regions. Genera about 7 ; species 20. (ovpavos, sky ; 

 <7K07reo>, to look.) 



a. Dorsal fins two ; head without spines. 

 b. Head above entirely covered by a rugose coat of mail ; a small barbel 



in mouth, before tongue ASTROSCOPUS, 201. 



bb. Head above with a Y-shaped bony projection extending forward from 

 occipital region; on each side of this shield a trapezoidal naked area; 

 mouth without tentacle UPSILONPHORUS, 202. 



201. ASTROSCOPUS Brevoort. (aorpoz/, star ; O-KOTTCO), to 



look.) 



432. A. anoplos (Cuv. & Val.). Jet black above and on lower 

 jaw and 1st D.; belly and fins pale; scales minute. Head 2^; depth 

 3J. D. IV -14. A. 13. L. 2J. N". Y. to Key West. (awwrAos, 

 unarmed.) 



202. UPSILONPHORUS Gill. (tyt\6v, Y; $opeo), to bear, 

 from the bones on top of head.) 



433. U. y-grsecum (Cuv. & Val.) Brownish, everywhere finely 

 spotted with white ; a dark horizontal band on tail; C. with length- 

 wise stripes. Head 2 ; depth 3. D. IV -13. A. 12. Lat. 1. 

 113. L. 10. K J., S. 



FAMILY LXXXII. GOBIID^l. (THE GOBIES.) 



Body oblong or elongate, variously naked or scaly ; no lateral 

 line ; mouth and teeth various ; premaxillary protractile ; suborbital 

 without bony stay ; skin of head covering eyes ; opercles mostly un- 

 armed; pseudobranchise present; gills 4; gill membranes united 

 with the isthmus ; spinous dorsal little developed, of 2 to 8 flexible 

 spines ; anal without spine ; V. I, 5, close together or usually fully 

 united into a sort of sucking disk ; C. convex ; anal papilla evident. 



