IGUANID^E. CXVL 203 



298. HOLBROOKIA Girard. (To Dr. John Edwards Holbrook, 

 of Charleston, author of " North American Herpetology," etc.) 



591. H. maculata Girard. Gray, paler above, with a row of 

 large darker spots on sides ; 1 or 2 black spots on side of belly ; 

 scales nearly smooth ; hind leg not reaching eye. S. W. (extra- 

 limital). 



299. SCELOPORUS Wiegmann. (oxeXos, leg ; Tropos, pore.) 



592. S. undulatus (Daudin). COMMON LIZARD. SWIFT. 

 Greenish, bluish, or bronzed, with black, wavy cross-bands above ; 

 throat and sides of belly in g with brilliant blue and black ; dorsal 

 scales rather large, strongly keeled, mucronate similar to lateral 

 scales ; head shields striated or rugose ; body depressed ; tail slender. 

 L. 7. U. S., in forests and along fences, N. to Mich. ; abundant 

 S. ; varies greatly in color. 



300. PEER YNOSOM A Wiegmann. ($pvi/os, toad ; o-oj/za, body.) 



593. P. brevirostre (Gir.). Ventral scales smooth. Head spines 

 small, shorter than eye ; grayish, with large, dark, pale-edged spots. 

 S. W. 



594. P. cornutum (Harlan). COMMON HORNED TOAD. Ven- 

 tral scales keeled ; head with very long spines ; back with spinous 

 scales ; gray, with pale dorsal streak and some dark spots. L. 5. 

 N. M. to Cal. and S. ; common S. W. ; a most grotesque little crea- 

 ture ; terrestrial. (Lat., horned.) 



ORDER XXX. TESTUDINATA. (THE TURTLES.) 



Reptiles with the body enclosed between 2 more or less developed 

 bony shields, which are usually covered by horny epidermal plates, 

 but sometimes by a leathery skin. Upper shield (carapace) 

 and lower shield (plastron) more or less united along the sides. 

 Neck and tail the only flexible parts of the spinal column; these, 

 together with the legs, usually retractile within the box made by 

 the two shields. The bony part of the carapace is formed by the 

 dorsal and sacral vertebrae, and the ribs co-ossified with a series of 

 overlying bony plates, usually accompanied by a marginal row. 

 The dorsal vertebrae have their ends flattened and immovably 

 united by cartilage, and all of them, except the first and last, have 

 their neural spines flattened horizontally so as to form the median 

 line of plates. On either side of this series is a single row of ossi- 

 fied dermal plates overlying the ribs and corresponding in number 

 to the developed ribs, of which there are usually 8 pairs. No true 

 sternum ; plastron consisting of membrane bones, of which there 

 are usually 9 pieces, 4 pairs and a single symmetrical median 



