CXXVIII. 221 



655. L. franklini Swainson & Richardson. FRANKLIN'S ROSY 

 GULL. Bill and feet carmine; bill usually with a dark band near 

 tip; medium. L. 14. W. 11. B. If U. S., chiefly W. of the 

 Miss. R. (To Sir John Franklin.) 



656. L. Philadelphia Ord. BONAPARTE'S GULL. Bill black, 

 slender, tern-like; small. L. 13. W. 10. B. l. N. Am., abundant. 



333. XEMA Leach. (A coined word.) 



657. X. sabinei (Sabine). FORKED-TAIL GULL. Largely white, 

 a black hood and collar. L. 14. W. 11. Arctic, S. in winter 

 to N. Y. (To Edward Sabine.) 



334. GELOCHELIDON Brehm. (-yeXaco, to laugh ; ^eXtdov, 

 swallow.) 



658. G. nilotica (Hasselquist). GULL-BILLED TERN. Bill 



black, very short and stout ; head black ; mantle pearly-gray. L. 

 15. W. 12. Atlantic, N. to Mass. (Eu.) 



335. STERNA Linnaeus. (Eng. tern, or sterne.) 



a. Wing more than 9. 

 b. Wing more than 12. 



c. Tail much less than half wing, not deeply forked ; occipital feathers 



short. (Thalasseus Boie.) 



659. S. caspia Pallas. CASPIAN TERN. Primaries without 

 white band; bill red. L. 22. W. 17. T. 6. B. 3. Northern 

 regions; scarce in Amer., much the largest of the terns. (Eu.) 



cc. Tail more than one half wing, forked half its length ; occiput crested. 

 (Actochelidon Kaup.) 



660. S. maxima Boddaert. ROYAL TERN. Bill orange. L. 

 18 to 21. W. 15. T. 8. B. 2J. U. S. 



661. S. sandvicensis Latham. SANDWICH TERN. Bill black, 

 yellow at tip. L. 16. W. 12. T. 6. B. 2J. Atlantic, N. to 

 Mass., rare. (Eu.) Ours is var. acuflavidus Cabot. 



bb. Wing less than 12 ; tail deeply forked; no crest; mantle bluish-gray, 

 the tail chiefly white; inner webs of quills largely white. (Sterna.) 



d. Top of head black in summer. 



e. Outer tail-feather with the inner web dusky, the outer web white. 



662. S. forsteri Nuttall. FORSTER'S TERN. Larger than next, 

 tail longer and wings shorter; bill and feet orange in adult. L. 15. 

 W. 10. T. 7. B. l. N. Am., common. (To John Reinhold 

 Forster.) 



ee. Outer tail-feather with inner web white; outer web dusky. 



663. S. hirundo L. COMMON TERN. Bill red, blackening to- 

 wards tip; feet orange. L. 14^ (13 to 16). W. 10 (9-J to llf). 

 T. 6 (5 to 7). B. 1|. Atlantic coasts, abundant. (Eu.) (Lat., 

 hirundo, swallow.) 



