EXTINCT. 221 



The first importation of this pest into the state directly 

 from Europe was into Cleveland, in 1869, twenty pairs. 

 During the same year thirty-three pairs were taken from 

 New York to Cincinnati and Warren. Then followed im- 

 portations into Marietta, 1870, Coshoctbn and Portsmouth, 

 1874, Steubenville, about 1880 -or 1881, Wapakoneta, 

 about 1882, which seems to have been the last importation. 

 Since that time it has spread well over the state, in the more 

 settled districts, even invading the country places and farm 

 buildings, until the tendency to nest in the woods grows 

 strong. About Oberlin several pairs have already invaded 

 the trees rightfully belonging to Bluebirds and Crested Fly- 

 catchers, in the woods a mile from the village. 



EXTINCT. 



But two native and two introduced species have become 

 extinct in historic times. At least three others are rapidly 

 approaching extinction : these are Wild Turkey, Passenger 

 Pigeon, and Swallow-tailed Kite. It was supposed that 

 these would prove extinct, but records of occurrence with- 

 in the past ten years make it necessary to retain them for 

 the present. The causes for the disappearance of these two 

 native birds and the great decrease of the others are not 

 far to seek. They have been mercilessly hunted and their 

 natural breeding places have been destroyed in the settle- 

 ment of the state. Lacking the ability to change their hab- 

 its with the changing conditions, it was inevitable that they 

 should die out. 



ORDER CALLING. 

 Subfamily TETRAONIISLE. 



1. (305.) TYMPANUCHUS AMERICANUS (Reich.). 183. 

 Prairie Hen. 



Synonyms: Cupidonia cupidio, C. americanus, Tetrao cupido. 

 Pinnated Grouse, Prairie Chicken. 



