TRUE VOLCANOES. 261 



sins, which were probably only lateral eruptions on the de- 

 clivity of one and the same mountain. Among the isolated 



Yucatan, but also upon the coast of Jamaica, and upon the plateau of 

 Bogota, in the latter case at an elevation of more than 8500 feet above 

 the sea, and at a distance of nearly five hundred and sixty geograph- 

 ical miles (Juan Galindo, in Silliman's American Journal, vol. xxviii., 

 1835, p. 332-336 ; Acosta, Viajes d los Andes, 1849, p. 56 ; and Squier, 

 vol. ii.. p. 110-113; figures, p. 163 and 165). Darwin (Journal of Re- 

 searches during the Voyage of the Beagle, 1845, p. 291) calls attention 

 to a remarkable coincidence of phenomena: After a long slumber, 

 Conseguina, in Central America, and Aconcagua and Corcovado (S. 

 lat. 32 J and 43|), in Chili, broke out on the same day (accidentally?). 



Volcano of Conchagua, or of Amalapa, at the north of the entrance 

 to the Bay of Fonseca, opposite to the volcano Conseguina, near the 

 beautiful Puerto de la Union, the harbor of the neighboring town of 

 San Miguel. 



From the state of Costa Rica to the volcano of Conchagua, there- 

 fore, the close series of twenty volcanoes follows a direction from S.E. 

 to N.W. ; but on entering, near Conchagua, into the state of San Sal- 

 vador, which, in the short distance of 160 geographical miles, exhibits 

 five still more or less active volcanoes, the line, like the Pacific coast 

 itself, turns more E.S.E. W.N.W., and indeed almost E. W., while 

 on the eastern, Caribbean coast (toward the Cape Gracias a Dios) the 

 land suddenly bulges out in Honduras and los Mosquitos (see above, 

 p. 256). It is only, as there remarked, to the north of the high volca- 

 noes of Old Guatemala, toward the Laguna de Atitlan, that the former 

 general direction N. 45 W. again occurs, until at last, in Chiapa, and 

 on the isthmus of Tehuantepec, the abnormal direction E. W. is again 

 manifested, but in non-volcanic chains. Besides Conchagua, the fol- 

 lowing four volcanoes belong to the state of x San Salvador : 



The volcano of San Miguel Bosotfan* (lat. 13 35'), near the town of 

 the same name, the most beautiful and regular of trachytic cones 

 next to the insular volcano Ometepec, in the lake of Nicaragua (Squier, 

 vol. ii., p. 196). The volcanic forces are very active in Bosotlan, in 

 which a great eruption of lava occurred on the 20th of July, 1844. 



Volcano of San Vicente,* to the west of the Rio de Lempa, between 

 the towns of Sacatecoluca and Sacatelepe. A great eruption of ashes 

 took place, according to Juarros, in 1643; and in January, 1835, a 

 long-continued eruption occurred with destructive earthquakes. 



Volcano of San Salvador (lat. 13 47 '), near the city of the same 

 name. The last eruption was that of 1656. The whole surrounding 

 country is exposed to violent earthquakes ; that of the 16th of April, 

 1854, which was preceded by no noises, overthrew nearly all the build- 

 ings in San Salvador. 



Volcano of Izalco* near the village of the same name, often pro- 

 ducing ammonia. The first eruption recorded in history occurred on 

 the 23d February, 1770; the last widely-luminous eruptions were in 

 April, 1798, 1805 to 1807, and 1825 (see above, p. 248, and Thompson, 

 Official Visit to Guatemala, 1829, p. 512). 



Volcan dePacaya* (lat. 14 23'), about 14 miles to the southeast of 

 the city of New Guatemala, on the small Alpine lake Amatitlan, a 



