STABLE CONSTRUCTION AND SANITATION. 25 



his hog-pen, and to cool the room he opened a window on the side toward 

 the hog-pen ; the milk absorbed the hog-pen odor and brought it to the dairy 

 school and we were able to detect it in the milk. 



I once made the statement at a farmer's convention, when talking on 

 dairy matters, that the public consumed more filth in their milk than in any- 

 other one article of food. At the close of the session the dean of an agri- 

 cultural college said to me that I might safely have said that we were con- 

 suming more than in all other articles of food. 



We deserve to be indicted by the public for such careless work, and we 

 will be, too, in the near future, if we do not mend our ways. 



The healthy cow will produce us a perfect food if we will do our part 

 well. Then the up-to-date buttermaker will be happy producing butter 

 that will delight all customers and compel the judges to devise a new score 

 card. There is more profit to high grade work than there is in low grade 

 work. A man has more respect for his business and for himself, and every- 

 body thinks better of him unless it be some jealous competitor who cannot 

 or will not keep up in the race. 



The cow stable should be located where good drainage can be secured, 

 and the drainage should not flow toward the dwelling house, as there are 

 times when the ground is frozen that surface water cannot reach the tile, 

 to be carried off, and must run off on the surface. And where stock are 

 gathered for a short time even they pack the soil by their tramping so that 

 it is impervious to water, compelling the water to get away on the surface. 



The distance of a sanitary cow stable from the dwelling house is a mat- 

 ter of choice, as it will not be objectionable to the family from any odors 

 coming from it. The unsanitary cow stable should be located at a distance 

 from the dwelling house to compare with its condition. 



I am not a believer in the underground nor even in a partial under- 

 ground cow stable. If the situation is such that a natural approach to the 

 second story can be secured and is desired, utilize it by all means; it is not 

 necessary to put the building against the ground, but it can be moved or 

 located a few feet away and the space bridged, which will give us one more 

 side to receive light from and it will add very little to the expense of building. 



In constructing the cow stable, having first decided whether it is to 

 be one or more stories high, the first to be built is the foundation, which may 

 be of stone or concrete depending largely upon the comparative cost of the 

 two, though the opinion is growing with me that a good job of concrete 

 is more durable than stone, and in many locations it costs less by quite a 

 percentage. Outside this foundation wall, and a little below it, should be 

 put a row of tile to take all the surface water that would penetrate under 

 the foundation, and also receive the water from the down spouts of the 

 building and conduct it to a proper distance from the building. A person's 

 choice and local conditions must decide what material shall be used in the 

 construction of the building, and the man that is to pay the bills is the one 



