50 



THE CREAMERY PATRON S HANDBOOK. 



feed they want, when they can be turned on pasture without injury. 



WATER: Calves like fresh, clean water. In a trial at the Kansas 

 Station with thirteen calves, ranging from two to three months of age, it 

 was found that 868 pounds of water was drunk in seven days, or nearly 

 ten pounds per day per head. It was noticed that these calves drank sev- 

 eral times a day, but sipped only a little at a time. Even after their ration 

 of milk they would take a few swallows of water. An automatic waterer 

 situated a little above the surface of the ground is the best arrangement 

 for supplying this need. 



CALF TIES: The Kansas Experiment Station has tried both ropes 

 and stanchions, and find that using the latter is the simplest and best means 



SKIM MILK CALVES. 

 Average Daily Gain Per Head, 1.51 Pounds. Feed Cost Per 100 Pounds of Gain, $2.26, 



of holding calves while they are being fed. Calves will also learn to eat 

 grain much quicker than when fed in an open pen. With stanchions each 

 calf finds its place, and the feeder can set the milk pail in the feed trough, 

 which prevents it from being tipped over, and while the calf is drinking 

 can measure out the milk for the next calf. In this way it is possible for a 

 man to keep three or four pails going, until all the calves are fed. If grain 

 is put into the feed trough at once the calf will go to eating, and forget 

 about its friendly but impolite and unsanitary affection for its neighbors 

 ears or mouth. Calves fed in this way can be let loose again fifteen minutes 

 after entering the stanchions. The Agricultural College has found that 

 excellent stanchions for calves can be made out of plain fencing for the 



