SCORING OF DAIRY CATTLE. 307 



Prepotency . 



In the scale for bulls for the first time, we believe, in the history of 

 dairy breeds, this point is introduced. The reason we have included it is 

 that 'prepotency" is the chief consideration in the selection of the male 

 breeding animal. The pedigree and conformation is often all that can be 

 desired but because the bull is lacking in prepotent breeding power he is 

 an expensive failure. This quality is in a sense difficult to perceive or 

 describe, but we know certain animals have it in high degree and others 

 fail of it completely. It is fairly well indicated by vigor of appearance, 

 strong, resolute bearing, and abundant nervous energy. We would dis- 

 tinguish this from an ugly disposition. A bull is ugly by the way he is 

 handled rather than by his breeding. What we want is strong impressive 

 blood. A dull sluggish spirit and action, we consider indicative of a lack 

 of true dairy prepotency, but we would prefer to breed to a rather sluggish 

 appearing bull with first class rudimentaries than to a stylish one with 

 badly placed rudimentaries. 



Rudimentaries. 



We consider that a well balanced and well shaped udder in the cow 

 is largely due to the way the rudimentary teats are placed on the sire. If 

 they are crowded close together the result is likely to be narrow pointed 

 udders. If they are placed well apart, of good size and well forward of 

 the scrotum, the effect, we think, will be to influence largely the production 

 of well-shaped udders in the resulting heifers and counteract the ten- 

 dency to ill-shaped udders inheritable from dams deficient in this respect. 

 We believe the future excellence of the Guernsey cow will be greatly 

 aided by close attention on the part of her breeders to this point. 



THE JERSEY. 

 SCALE OF POINTS ADOPTED BY THE AMERICAN JERSEY CATTLE CLUB AT 



THE ANNUAL MEETING HELD MAY 6, 1885, AND IN FORCE WITHOUT 



CHANGE SINCE THAT DATE. 



FOR COWS. 



Points. Counts. 



1 . Head small and lean ; face dished, broad between the eyes and 



narrow between the horns 2 



2. Eyes full and placid; horns small, crumpled, and amber-colored 1 



3. Neck thin, rather long, with clean throat, and not heavy at the 



shoulders 8 



4 . Back level to the setting on of tail 1 



5 . Broad across the loins 6 



6 . Barrel long, hooped, broad and deep at the flank 10 



7 . Hips wide apart; rump long 10 



8 . Legs short 2 



9 . Tail fine, reaching the hocks, with good switch . . *. 1 



10 . Color and mellowness of hide; inside of ears yellow 5 



1 1 . Fore udder full in form and not fleshy 13 



