180 CRITIQUES AND ADDRESSES. [vm. 



the Melanochroi far beyond the limits of intermixture of 

 blood, supplanting Euskarian, just as English and French 

 have supplanted Celtic. Even as early as Caesar's time, 

 I suppose that the Euskarian was everywhere, except in 

 Spain and in Aquitaine, replaced by Celtic, and thus the 

 Celtic speakers were no longer of one ethnological stock, 

 but of two. Both in Western Europe and in England 

 a third wave of language in the one case Latin, in 

 the other Teutonic has spread over the same area. In 

 Western Europe, it has left a fragment of the primary 

 Euskarian in one corner of the country, and a fragment 

 of the secondary Celtic in another. In the British 

 islands, only outlying pools of the secondary linguistic 

 wave remain in Wales, the Highlands, Ireland, and the 

 Isle of Man. If this hypothesis is a sound one, it 

 follows that the name of Celtic is not properly appli- 

 cable to the Melanochroic or dark stock of Europe. 

 They are merely, so to speak, secondary Celts. The 

 primary and aboriginal Celtic-speaking people are 

 Xanthochroi the typical Gauls of the ancient writers, 

 and the close allies by blood, customs, and language, of 

 the Germans. 



