ANTIDYSENTERIC SERUM 



245 



increasing quantities of antitoxin. The measurements are made with 

 accurate volumetric pipets, and the total volume brought up to 4 c.c. 

 with sterile salt solution in order to equalize concentration and pressure. 

 The mixtures are allowed to stand at room temperature for an hour, and 

 are then injected subcutaneously into 350-gram pigs. This method 

 of titrating the antitoxin is shown in the following example from Rosenau 

 and Anderson: 



TABLE 2. METHOD OF TITRATING TETANUS ANTITOXIN 



In this series the animal receiving 0.0015 c.c. of antitoxin died in 

 approximately four days; this amount of serum, therefore, represents 

 Yfr of one unit. 



BOTULINUS ANTITOXIN 



The nature of the botulinus poison has previously been described. 

 Wassermann has recently immunized horses against this toxin, and the 

 antitoxin shows unmistakable value in animal experiments, although 

 it has not been employed frequently enough in this form of poisoning 

 in human beings to prove its value. 



ANTIDYSENTERIC SERUM 



The Kruse-Shiga type of dysentery bacillus has been shown to pro- 

 duce varying amounts of a soluble toxin; and antiserums, which are 

 partly antitoxic and partly bactericidal in nature, have been prepared, 

 and have apparently yielded good therapeutic results in the hands of 

 several observers. Potent antiserums for the Flexner type of bacillus 

 and for various strains isolated from the feces of cases of infantile ileo- 

 colitis have not been produced. Even a virulent strain of the dysentery 

 bacillus does not produce true soluble toxins in a manner comparable 



