BRICKWORK. 105 



The mortar will be regulated in some degree by the quality of the lime, but 

 as a general rule, one part of the best Dorking lime, used fresh from the kiln, 

 to three parts of clean sharp river-sand are good proportions. At the di- 

 stance of about every fifteen feet, a wrought-iron hoop, 2^ inches deep and half 

 an inch thick, well pitched and sanded, must be built into the brickwork as 

 the chimney rises ; this is necessary to avoid cracks from settlement. At 

 the top of the chimney, where the thickness of the work will only be 4-j inches, 

 the hoop must be \0i\& flat. The interior of the flue must be " parged" with 

 fire-clay and chopped straw, laid on as plaster. 



The cost of a chimney will depend upon the foundation and the extent of 

 finish and ornament given to the shaft. In the neighbourhood of London, a 

 plain shaft from the ground-line, independent of the foundation, will average 

 1 5*. for every foot in height. The cost of the foundation to the Fulham 



chimney was as follows : 



s. d. 



287 cubic yards of excavation and retaining, at 1*. 6d. 21 10 6 



143^ cubic yards of concrete, at 7*. 6rf. 53 16 3 

 400 super feet of Yorkshire flagging, six inches thick, 



at 2*. Id. 41 13 4 



26j- cubic yards of brickwork in mortar, at 21s. 27166 

 287 cubic yards of filling-in, ramming and spreading, 



at 3d. ... . _ . 3 11 9 



148 8 4 



The contract for the remaining part of the chimney above the ground-line 

 was taken at 1 1 7. The situation for the chimney of a retort -house may be 

 at the end, at the side, or removed to some distance from the building*; 

 the first position is the most convenient. If the house is of considerable 

 extent, it is usual to erect the chimney in the centre, dividing the retort- 

 benches into four sections. Structures of this size being generally in large 

 towns, the shaft of the chimney may be ornamented and made to produce 

 a good effect. 



* At Dolphinholme in Lancashire, where a large worsted-mill was lighted with gas, it was 

 requisite to remove the chimney to some distance, the dwelling-house of the owner being close by. 

 For this purpose the flue was carried along a field rising about 1 in 20 for a quarter of a mile, and 

 on the summit of this rise the chimney was erected in the form of an obelisk. 



P 



