FISH-HOOKS. 129 



faces, pottery with human faces at the angles of the rims, and many other objects. 

 The specimen here figured is the only regularly barbed fish-hook of aboriginal 

 manufacture known to me, and Mr. Beauchamp's view as to its recent origin 

 appears very plausible. 



In California, as stated, fish-hooks have have been found in greater number 

 than in the eastern part of North America. 



FIGS. 194 and 195. Bone fish-hooks. Santa Cruz Island. (26240). 



Figs. 194 and 195. They represent bone hooks from Santa Cruz Island, 

 which were obtained by Mr. Stephen Bowers. In these specimens the outer 

 curve is rounded, the inner rather angular until it reaches the shank, which pre- 

 sents a conical shape, and is destitute of any device for holding a line. The end 

 of the line was tightly wound around the shank and fastened on with asphaltum, 

 portions of which can still be seen in both specimens. Even the impressions 

 produced by the line are visible. The peculiar feature of these fish-hooks, and, 

 indeed, of nearly all other Californian specimens in the National Museum, is the 

 close approach of the curved point to the shank a feature which actually has 

 induced some to doubt their use as fishing-implements. I hope I shall succeed 

 in removing these doubts. 



Figs. 196 to 199 (on page 130) . These figures show the appearance of bone 

 fish-hooks of more developed forms. They were collected by Mr. Paul Schuma- 

 cher on the Island of Santa Cruz. In the original of Fig. 196 the end of the 

 shank is grooved a short distance on both sides, and farther down notched on the 

 outside, thus offering a firm hold to the line. Where the shank ends, slight traces 

 of asphaltum are perceivable. In the three other specimens the fastening of the 

 line was performed in a similar manner ; but the groove on both sides of the 

 shank is carried around it. The four hooks in this group have a much fresher 

 appearance than the preceding ones, and in the last three the shanks are thickly 

 covered with asphaltum. The barb-like projection on the outer curve, which 

 Bl7 



